Nasal solutions of almotriptan malate were prepared in phosphate buffer containing different proportions of HPMC E15. In vitro permeation studies were performed using Franz diffusion cell with dialysis membrane and ex vivo permeation studies were carried out using sheep nasal mucosal layer. The formulations were radiolabeled with 99mTc and the nasal residence time was studied in rabbits. Nasal ...

The goal of the present investigation was to design and evaluate mucoadhesive buccal patches of Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride (CPH) which is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic, serotonin-antagonist, and calcium-channel blocking action. Buccal films were made with Hydroxy propylcellulose (HPC EF) and Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC E15) as mucoadhesive polymers. Permeation of CPH ...

The available minoxidil formulations for topical application suffer with major drawback having less contact time with the scalp which requires repeated application. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of microemulsions and microemulsion based hydrogel systems (MEHs) for increased percutaneous penetration of minoxidil. Minoxidil microemulsions were developed by following...

This study examined the efficacy of the percutaneous delivery of a tetramethylpyrazine-loaded microemulsion (TMP-ME) on skin pretreated with microneedles (MN). The TMP-ME formulation was optimized in vitro with skin permeation experiments, using a uniform experimental design, guided by a pseudo-ternary phase diagram, in which the TMP skin permeation level and mean particle size were indices. Th...

preformulation studies on transdermal dosage forms involve liberal use of animal skin for assessing the permeation characteristics of drugs, influence of permeation enhancers, optimizing the formulation variables etc. the restricted availability of animal skin due to concerns regarding prevention of cruelty to animals has generated considerable interest in developing polymeric films for use as ...

The small antimicrobial peptide PAF26 (Ac-RKKWFW-NH(2)) has been identified by a combinatorial approach and shows preferential activity toward filamentous fungi. In this work, we investigated the mode of action and inhibitory effects of PAF26 on the fungus Penicillium digitatum. The dye Sytox Green was used to demonstrate that PAF26 induced cell permeation. However, microscopic observations sho...