Background: Phospholipids are distributed asymmetrically between inner and outer leaflets of the plasma membrane of live cells. Early during apoptosis, this asymmetry is disrupted and phosphatidylserine becomes exposed on the outside surface of the plasma membrane. There is little information about the effects of vitrification on apoptosis. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluat...

The effects of vitrification on the embryo viability of the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) were investigated in this study. Vitrificant solutions (VS1-VS6) were prepared by combining propylene glycol (PG) as basic cryoprotectant plus other permeable and non-permeable cryoprotectants in different concentration. Embryos at neurulation stage were selected and incubated in six vitrificant so...

Vitrification is a simple and cost-effective method for the storage of human spermatozoa without the use of conventional cryoprotectants, by plunging the sperm suspension directly into liquid nitrogen. As a result, solidification of living cells without the formation of ice crystals is achieved during cooling. This study aimed to compare cryoprotectant-free vitrification to conventional cryopre...

BACKGROUND The ability to cryopreserve mammalian embryos has become an integral part of assisted reproduction, both in human and veterinary medicine. Despite differences in the size and physiological characteristics of embryos from various species, the embryos have been frozen by either of two procedures: slow freezing or vitrification. The aim of our study was to compare the effect of slow fre...

Background Oocyte cryopreservation is an essential part of the assisted reproductive technology (ART), which was recently introduced into clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two vitrification systems-Cryotop and Open Pulled Straw (OPS)-on mature oocytes gene expressions. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, the survival rate of metaphase II (MII) mouse ...

The objective was to determine whether the hatching stage of cattle and swamp buffalo somatic cell nuclear-transferred (SCNT) blastocysts affected cryosurvival after vitrification, and whether addition of linoleic acid-albumin (LAA) to the IVC medium and Ficoll to the vitrification solution improves cryosurvival. Fused couplets were activated with ethanol and cycloheximide-cytochalasin D (day 0...

Vitrification is a method of storing cells in a supercooled state, and is particularly useful for the cryostorage of embryos. With a supply of liquid nitrogen and simple apparatus, vitrification in the field situation is feasible and is potentially simpler and cheaper than the standard freezing processes. However, survival of embryos after vitrification has not yet proved better than after free...

A glassy state of matter results if crystallization is avoided upon cooling or increasing density. However, the physical factors controlling the ease of vitrification and nature of the glass transition remain elusive. Using numerical simulations of polydisperse hard disks, we find a direct relation between medium-range crystalline ordering and the slow dynamics which characterizes the glass tra...

After the first successful application of vitrification for embryo cryopreservation 15 years ago, a rapid application of the method in domestic animal embryology was presumed. However, although the advantages of vitrification (simplicity, cost efficiency, speed of the procedure) were widely acknowledged, its use has been mainly restricted to experimental studies. For commercial embryo transfer ...

In recent years, preservation of fertility in women has been of great importance, especially in patients exposed to deleterious conditions on fertility. Thus, cryopreservation of human gametes, embryos and ovarian tissue has become an essential part of assisted reproduction. This approach limits the number of embryos transferred, while supernumerary oocytes and/ or embryos can be used in subseq...