It has been reported that nicotinamide-overload induces oxidative stress associated with insulin resistance, the key feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the effects of B vitamins in T2DM. Glucose tolerance tests were carried out in adult Sprague-Dawley rats treated with or without cumulative doses of B vitamins. More specifically, insulin tolerance tests ...

Vitamin B1 is in its active form thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), an essential cofactor for several key enzymes in the carbohydrate metabolism. Mammals must salvage this crucial nutrient from their diet in order to complement the deficiency of de novo synthesis. In the human pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, two operons were identified which are involved in vitamin B1 metabolism. The fir...

We describe optimized, ultraviolet spectrophotometric procedures for determination of erythrocyte transketolase, glutathione reductase, and aspartate aminotransferase activity, and their activation by their respective coenzymes--thiamine pyrophosphate, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, and pyridoxal-5-phosphate--as tests for vitamin B1, B2, and B6 deficiency. With these procedures we have investigat...

In previous experiments,2 an unsuccessful attempt was made to acclimate monkey cord virus to white rats, which had been made completely vitamin B1 deficient by feeding them a vitamin B1 free diet for 30 days prior to the start of the experiment. It was thought that our failure might have been due to the fact that we did not have the animals in a proper state or stage of deficiency; perhaps the ...

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder resulting from vitamin B1 deficiency, which is common in chronic alcoholism and is rare in acute liver failure. So far, there are 2 cases of WE reported after liver transplantation. Here, we report a case of a 45-year-old nonalcoholic male patient who developed psychiatric and neurological disturbance 15 d after receiving orthotopic...

The earlier literature on the pathology produced experimentally with diets lacking vitamin B (for the most part the undifferentiated vitamin B complex) has been reviewed by Zimmerman and Burack.'5 Their review may be summed up briefly as follows: Myelin degeneration in peripheral nerves, and sometimes in the spinal cord, has been described by many workers as occurring in several species of labo...

the health effects of fish oil capsules and vitamin b1 tablets on duration and severity of dysmenorrhea     agakhani n [1] ,sadagyani m [2] , jasemi m [3] , feizi a [4] , eghtedar s [5] ,mesgarzadeh m [6] ,ebrahimi m [7]     received: 5 jan, 2012 accepted: 19 jun, 2012     abstract   background & aims : dysmenorrhea is the most common complaint of young girls and one of the main reasons behind ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Hepatic scavenger receptor class B1 (SR-B1), a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor, is involved in the selective uptake of HDL-associated esterified cholesterol (EC), thereby regulates cholesterol homoeostasis and improves reverse cholesterol transport. Previously, we reported in euglycaemic obese rats (WNIN/Ob strain) that feeding of vitamin A-enriched diet normaliz...

Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin-B1) has been utilized as an effective biodegradable catalyst for the one pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives via four component reaction of dimedone, aldehyde, ethylacetoacetate and ammonium acetate in ethanol under mild conditions. The method presented here offers several advantages over reported procedures in terms of environmentally benign catalyti...