Neonatal and adult BALB/c mice were investigated in a longitudinal study for the acquisition of leukemia-associated inhibitory activity (LIA) interactions after inoculation with Abelson virus in vivo. Within 2 to 4 days after virus infection, the granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells from the bone marrow and spleen of the infected mice became insensitive to inhibition by LIA, even though ...

water conveyance systems (wcss) are costly infrastructures in terms of materials, construction, maintenance and energy requirements. much attention has been given to the application of optimization methods to minimize the costs associated with such infrastructures. historically, traditional optimization techniques have been used, such as linear and non-linear programming. in this paper, applica...

A method for the establishment and maintenance of a colony of mice free of Theiler's (TO) virus has been described. This colony has been maintained since 1947 with but one instance of contamination in 1948. Studies on the susceptibility of these mice to TO virus show that smaller doses are required to establish an infection of the intestinal tract than of the CNS. A mutant strain of TO(B) virus...

The Triangulation Problem consists of finding a simultaneous permutation of rows and columns in a given square matrix, so that the sum of the upper-diagonal entries is maximal. The researchers study this problem intensively, as it has major applications in broad domains. A new hybrid Ant Colony Optimization algorithm is introduced, which starts with a greedy search procedure. It is followed by ...

Ant colony optimization is a metaheuristic approach belonging to the model based search algorithm. It is a paradigm for designing metaheuristic algorithm for combinatorial problem. In this paper we discuss the Ant colony system. Ant colony system is one of the best algorithm of ant colony optimization. First we discuss the optimization,and one of the optimization problem is combinatiorial probl...

Ant colony optimization is an ant algorithm framework that took inspiration from foraging behavior of ant colonies. Indeed, ACO algorithms use a chemical communication, represented by pheromone trails, to build good solutions. However, ants involve different communication channels to interact. Thus, this paper introduces the acoustic communication between ants while they are foraging. This proc...

Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a well known metaheuristic. In the literature it has been used for tackling many optimization problems. Often, ACO is hybridized with a local search procedure. All the solutions generated by ants (or some of them) are improved by the local search. In this paper we propose a different framework, called Quick-and-dirty ant colony optimization. It is an hybrid appr...

1. The ecto-parasitic mite Varroa destructor is a serious world-wide pest of the honeybee Apis mellifera and has being linked with the death of millions of colonies, although its role in colony death has remained elusive. 2. A simulation model was developed to explain the link between the mite and collapse of the host bee colony, given that colony death does not always occur. We investigated th...

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is recently proposed metaheuristic approach for solving hard combinatorial optimization problems. Parallel implementation of ACO can reduce the computational time obviously. An improved parallel ACO algorithm is proposed in this paper, which use dynamic transition probability to enlarge the search space by stimulating ants choosing new path at early stage; use poly...