context several risk factors play the role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) from which chronic hepatitis b and c infections are the most important ones. dna integration of hepatitis viruses alters the function of critical genes promoting malignant transformation of virus-infected liver cells. evidence acquisition there are remarkable geographic differences in prevalence of c...

This second chapter on sports-related skin infections summarizes the aspects of viral diseases as they pertain to athletes. Technically smallpox has been eradicated from the world, so the case of smallpox in a boxer in 1948 is not discussed in detail but is mentioned here for historical perspective. A Norwegian boxer developed the pustular eruption of smallpox on his head, neck, and right arm a...