Colonization of soft lining materials with microorganisms, espe­ cially Candida albicans, is a common clinical problem. Silicone­based soft li ning materials have been found to be particularly susceptible to Candi­ dal adhesion. This study investigated the Candida albicans adhesion to 6 silicone­based soft lining materials (Molloplast­B, Mollosil, Ufigel P, Ufigel C, Soft Liner and Luci­sof). F...

Legionella infections caused by contaminated water are a widespread problem worldwide. Discharge lamps like mercury vapor lamps are widely known for the disinfection properties of their radiation, but they suffer technical disadvantages, like high voltages and toxic content, and are, therefore, not suitable for some infection control applications. New high-intensity ultraviolet (UV) an...

where Z is the refractive index defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the given medium, date from this period. In more modern times, infrared, ‘‘beyond red,’’ radiation was discovered by William Herschel in 1800. He found that the temperature recorded by a thermometer increased from the violet to the red in the visible region. Going beyond the red he fo...

By a systematic study of the blood of normal rabbits (1), it was found that both the absolute and relative amounts of calcium and inorganic phosphorus exhibited periodic variations and that, among animals living in the laboratory, there was evidence of a tendency toward a progressive increase in calcium and of a decided decrease in inorganic phosphorus of uncertain duration and extent. I t appe...

Visible-light-activated photochemical degradation against VOCs in indoor air using TiO 2 nanoparticles encapsulated crystal violet.

During the past fifty years, many investigators have studied the bactericidal activity of ultra violet light, but a review of their reports shows that little has been learned about many essential factors in the reaction. There have been few contributions to a knowledge of the quantitative relations involved. Little precise information is available on differences in resistance of individual bact...

Ultraviolet (UV) reception is useful for such basic behaviors as mate choice, foraging, predator avoidance, communication, and navigation, whereas violet reception improves visual resolution and subtle contrast detection. UV and violet reception are mediated by the short wavelength-sensitive (SWS1) pigments that absorb light maximally (λmax) at ~360 nm and ~395 to 440 nm, respectively. Because ...