The electric currents on the upper, lower and side surfaces of the patch conductor in a circular microstrip antenna are calculated by using the integral equation method and the characteristic between the electric currents on the upper and lower surfaces is compared. The integral equation is derived from the boundary condition that the tangential component of the total electric field due to the ...

In impedance control for force tracking, it is well known that the reference trajectory of the robot is calculated from known environmental stiffness. The authors present a simple technique for determining the reference trajectory under the condition that the environment is unknown. The technique is developed based on the replacement of the unknown stiffness with a function of the measured forc...

Multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) is a new technique for evaluation of bolus transport. We evaluated esophageal function using bolus transport time (BTT) and contraction wave velocity (CWV) of liquid, semisolid, and solid boluses. Ten healthy subjects underwent MII swallow evaluation with various boluses of sterile water (pH 5), applesauce, three different sized marshmallows, and iced a...

A novel beam-based method for measuring the longitudinal impedance spectrum is demonstrated using experimental data from the PEP-II High Energy Ring (HER). The method uses a digital longitudinal feedback system from which the charge and synchronous phase are measured for every bucket. Calculation of the transfer function from ll shape to synchronous phase yields the impedance seen by the beam a...

We evaluated impedance pharyngography (IPG), a new method to assess swallowing function based on changes in the electrical impedance of the neck during swallowing. The electrical impedance of the neck, recorded by the 4-electrode method, changed with the equivalent cross-sectional area of the route of the electric current due to reflex activities of related organs during swallowing. IPG wavefor...

The probe-coil’s lift-off and tilt variations will cause noise signals that can obscure the valuable signals when the surface inspection is performed. Prevention of noise signals due to lift-off and tilt variations is an important element in most eddy current inspections. In this paper, the electromagnetic field and impedance of a cylindrical probe-coil have been calculated numerically for arbi...

Recently, multi-trace impedance inversion has attracted great interest in seismic exploration because it improves the horizontal continuity and fidelity of results by exploiting lateral structure information strata. However, computational inefficiency affects its practical application. Furthermore, terms vertical constraints on model parameters, only considers smooth features while ignoring sha...

Thoracic impedance is modulated by events within the respiratory cycle, which represents a source of "noise" in impedance cardiography. Respiration itself, however, is a physiological rhythm of interest to psychophysiologists. We report here methods and validation for deriving impedance pneumographic measures of respiration from impedance cardiography signals, based on standard tetrapolar band ...

During the Tasman Project of Seafloor Magnetotelluric Exploration recordings were made of the natural magnetic and electric field variations along a line of seafloor sites crossing the Tasman Sea. Using these data and additional magnetic field recordings made on the Australian continent the pattern of geomagnetic induction in the Tasrnan Sea Region is examined. An investigation of the seafloor ...

seismic inversion is a method that extracts acoustic impedance data from the seismic traces. sourcewavelets are band-limited, and thus seismic traces do not contain low and high frequency information.therefore, there is a serious problem when the deterministic seismic inversion is applied to real dataand the result of deterministic inversion is smooth. low frequency component is obtained from w...