Theoretical methods are usually performed for ideal conditions to determine the illuminance and luminance but other design limitations should be considered in the real world. Also the visibility level is calculated by using background and target luminance under ideal conditions. In reality, there are many factors, which are very difficult to predict and include in lighting design equation. Huma...

To study the retinal light adaptation we measured and analyzed the flicker electroretinogram response to stimuli that varied in temporal frequency, retinal illuminance, and modulation depth. The responses measured at 100% modulation showed the classic adaptation pattern, being independent of mean retinal illuminance at low temporal frequencies, consistent with Weber adaptation, and increasing i...

An intelligent lighting system which provides required illumiancne at an appropriate location is proposed. This system does not have the centralized control device and also it is controlled by each intelligent lighting’s autonomous operation. Also the intelligent lighting system can contribute to energy saving. In this research, a new algorithm is proposed. For rapid converges it uses the corre...

We have used a color-matching technique to obtain estimates of the optical density of cone photopigments as a function of retinal illuminance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We found that the half-bleach illuminance of some patients is abnormally high. That is, it takes more light to bleach an equivalent amount of photopigment in these patients. Since low illuminanc...

It has long been recognised that the lit environment in open-plan office space is influenced by the density and properties of the installed furniture. Indeed, the Lumen Method includes a procedure involving look-up tables to account for the effects of workstation size, partition height, and partition reflectance on the mean working-plane illuminance. As part of a larger project on openplan offi...

Abstract The aim of the paper is to present partial outputs from continual measurement light conditions in office environment during common work activity. volunteers worn head mounted dosimetric devices – Lightwatchers, collect individual and realistic data contrary fixed photometric devices. confirm that natural activity workers has a great influence on recorded illuminance levels. It shows an...

This article discusses ratings of visual discomfort from glare across different buildings located in Singapore. These data were used to determine if range effects influence the vertical illuminance values for same when category rating procedure is used. The effect occurs maxima and minima (i.e. range) vary buildings. Our analyses showed that with a higher building, mean value criterion also inc...

This paper reports an investigation into the shape and size of the useful visual field over which pedestrian visual gaze tends to fall during day and night and discusses the factors affecting useful visual field and the function of peripheral vision. A previous study by authors explored what people look at at night in the streets employing an eye tracking methodology. This study is secondary an...