The use of ventilatory assistance can be traced back to biblical times. However, mechanical ventilators, in the form of negative-pressure ventilation, first appeared in the early 1800s. Positive-pressure devices started to become available around 1900 and today's typical intensive care unit (ICU) ventilator did not begin to be developed until the 1940s. From the original 1940s ventilators until...

Low vital capacity is a risk factor for scoliosis correction operation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, but pulmonary rehabilitation, including noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilator application, air stacking exercise, and assisted coughing technique, reduces the pulmonary complications and perioperative mortality risk. In this case, the patient's preoperative force...

this study was conducted to assess the incidence of abnormalities of ventricular depolarization (late potentials) in children with sinus rhythm after open heart surgery and their relation to spontaneous ventricular tachycardia. open heart surgery, particularly operations involving ventriculotomy, may predispose patients to the development of ventricular tachycardia (vt) or ventricular fibrillat...

We propose two simple and efficient deterministic extractors for J(Fq), the Jacobian of a genus 2 hyperelliptic curve H defined over Fq, for some odd q. Our first extractor, SEJ, called sum extractor, for a given point D on J(Fq), outputs the sum of abscissas of rational points on H in the support of D, considering D as a reduced divisor. Similarly the second extractor, PEJ, called product extr...

Given two distributions over an n element set, we wish to check whether these distributions are statistically close by only sampling. We give a sublinear algorithm which uses O(n2/3ǫ−4 logn) independent samples from each distribution, runs in time linear in the sample size, makes no assumptions about the structure of the distributions, and distinguishes the cases when the distance between the d...

Method Inclusion Criteria: 1. Non-emergency surgery; CABG, valve surgery, thoracic aortic surgery and their combination. 2. Well-awake without a ventilator 2 hours after operation. 3. No femoral lines such as IABP or arterial lines. 4. Chest tube drainage less than 100 ml/h. 5. No neurological, hemodynamic, or subjective abnormalities. During two years, 281 patients met the criteria and divided...

BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (HF) is the main complication of various organic heart diseases. An imbalance of the autonomic nervous system has close associations with arrhythmia, ventricular remodeling, and sudden death upon HF. This study investigated whether unilateral vagus nerve stimulation could increase vagal activity, improve autonomic nerve distribution, and cardiac function in a HF...