objectives: one of the applications of ergonomics disciplinary is designing driver workstation compatible to users’ characteristics. the aim of this study was evaluation of interior design of shoka vehicle with respect to the accommodation for iranian population and proposing suggestions for customizing design of the vehicle. methods: this study was a descriptive-analytical study conducted amon...

This paper presents some of the issues that complicate the statistical analysis of real-world vehicle emissions and the effectiveness of emissions control programs. The following issues are discussed: 1) interand intra-vehicle emissions variability, 2) skewness of the distribution of emissions from inuse vehicles, 3) the difficulty of obtaining statistically representative vehicle samples, 4) t...

In the case of highly-automated and fully-automated driving it is necessary for the vehicle itself to recognize the limitations of its machine perception, as well as the functional limitations of processing modules based on this perception to react adequately. While simulator studies of highly-automated driving have shown that realistic transfer times to the driver of between 5 and 10 s can be ...

This master thesis presents a method for on-line estimation of vehicle mass and road grade using Kalman filter. Many control strategies aiming for better fuel economy, drivability and safety in today’s vehicles rely on precise vehicle operating information. In this context, vehicle mass and road grade are crucial parameters. The method is based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a longitudi...

Since late 1989, the cycle helmet wearing rate in New Zealand has risen from around 20% for adults and teenagers, and 40% for younger children, to more than 90% in all age groups. Cycle helmet wearing became mandatory under New Zealand law in January 1994. This paper considers the effect of cycle helmet wearing on hospitalised head injuries between 1990 and 1996, using cyclist limb injuries as ...

This study evaluated whether recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) enhances recovery of renal function and reduces catabolism in rats with ischemic acute renal failure (ARF). ARF and sham rats received subcutaneous injections of either rhIGF-I or vehicle three times daily starting 5 h after surgery. Serum creatinine and urea, which initially rose similarly in the ARF+vehicle ...

Sources of PM2.5 at the Fresno Supersite during high PM2.5 episodes occurring from 15 December 2000–3 February 2001 were estimated with the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) receptor model. The ability of source profiles with organic markers to distinguish motor vehicle, residential wood combustion (RWC), and cooking emissions was evaluated with simulated data. Organics improved the distinction betwe...

In this paper, multi-objective uniform-diversity genetic algorithm (MUGA) with a diversity preserving mechanism called the ε-elimination algorithm is used for Pareto optimization of 5-degree of freedom vehicle vibration model considering the five conflicting functions simultaneously. The important conflicting objective functions that have been considered in this work are, namely, vertical accel...

plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (phev) technology shows great interest in the recent scientificliteratures. vehicle-to-grid (v2g) is a interconnection of energy storage of phevs and grid. byimplementation of v2g dependencies of the power system on small expensive conventional units canbe reduced, resulting in reduced operational cost. this paper represents an intelligent unitcommitment (uc) wi...