A method is introduced for determination of a vector network analyzer’s calibration residual errors for measurement of the reflection coefficient. The method utilizes unscented Kalman filtering and spline interpolation time domain techniques. All three residual errors are calculated by processing the measured reflection coefficient of a single verification device, such as an air line terminated...

In this paper, we describe a multifrequency spectroscopic system which is ideally suited to EPR investigations of very small single crystals. Our method utilizes oversized resonant cavities and a continuously tunable vector network analyzer. This system provides excellent sensitivity over a broad frequency range from about 30 GHz up to about 120 GHz, and in magnetic fields up to 33 T.

With the recent advancement of gigabit fiber communication and the photonic distribution of microwave signals, there is a growing need to characterize the high-speed optical signals found in such systems. This task is typically accomplished with a high-speed photodetector followed by an instrument such as a sampling oscilloscope, a radio frequency (RF) spectrum analyzer, or a vector network ana...

In this research, first, nanoparticles of SrFe11.98Mg0.1Sn0.1O19 hexaferrite was synthesized via sol-gel auto-combustion process and then the nanocomposites of hexagonal ferrites/perovskite with the amounts of SrFe11.98Mg0.1Sn0.1O19/BaTiO3 (50/50, 40/60, 70/30 w/w) was prepared by the ball-milling...

A controlled fire burner was constructed where various natural vegetation species could be used as fuel. The burner was equipped with thermocouples to measure fuel surface temperature and used as a cavity for microwaves with a laboratory quality 2-port vector network analyzer to determine electrical conductivity from S-parameters. Electrical conductivity for vegetation material flames is import...