IN the management of varicocele fertility is the overriding consideration. For the adult the concern is typically immediate, whereas for the adolescent preservation of future fertility is the primary objective. This fundamental difference largely determines the manner in which varicocele is managed. In the adult population prospective, observational management is uncommon. The majority of varic...

Objectives Varicocele is an abnormal dilation in the testicular vein, which can cause hypoxia, reactive oxygen species accumulation, elevation in testicular temperature, and promote apoptosis and increase proinflammatory cytokine production. According to the varicocele pathophysiology, it is possible that a group of cytosolic receptors called nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like recepto...

OBJECTIVES Several researchers have reported the relationship between infertility in male and varicocele for so many years but the implication of varicocele in female patients is remains elusive. Here, we aim to examine the effects of unilateral varicose ovarian vein on antioxidant capacity and oocyte quality of rat ovary after the experimental creation of varicocele in female rats. MATERIALS...

Due to the biochemical complexity of seminal fluid, we attempt to study the possible correlation between fructose, which is secreted under the effect of androgen hormone, and autoimmunity, which might play a role in varicocele associated infertility, in reducing sperm motility. Seminal fructose, antisperm antibodies (ASAs) and blood steroids hormones (testosterone and progesterone) levels were ...

Background This study was designed to create an experimental varicocele model by a simple surgical procedure in dog with minimum invasion and to investigate the effect of varicocele-induced infertility on the expression of six related genes (HSP90, HSP70, IL- 4, TNF, KITLG and KIT receptor). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, the proximal part of the pampiniform plexus of dog t...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to elucidate the usefulness of platelet indices, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet count in diagnosis and monitoring of varicocele. METHODS The current study included 525 patients and 379 healthy subjects from five eligible studies. We performed meta-analysis of MPV, PDW, and platelet count and mean difference...

reviewed the evolution of diagnostic methods for varicocele identification. 2 The authors discussed the subjective nature of the clinical examination and the marked inter-observer variability in varicocele grading. Although physical examination still represents the gold standard for diagnosing clinically significant varicoceles, which are those with a clear indication for repair, the aforementi...

PURPOSE To evaluate postoperative results of laparoscopic varicocelectomy using bipolar electrosurgery and analyze semen according to the grade of varicocele after surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a six-year period, 416 men with clinical varicocele and impaired semen parameters or infertility underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy using bipolar electrosurgery. All patients were assessed for ...

Purpose: To evaluate the current literature on the varicocele treatment and impact on fertility. Materials and Methods: Pertinent articles were identified through PubMed search on varicocele repair and male infertility. Discussion: The proposed mechanisms of how varicocele results in impaired spermatogenesis and infertility include an altered or impaired testicular blood flow, increased scrotal...

Significantly higher levels of oxidants (malonaldehyde and nitric oxide) and reduced levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbic acid) are seen in semen of infertile men with varicocele. Seminal oxidative stress (OS) seen in men with varicocele is associated with sperm motility and grade of varicocele.