Heart valve replacement represents the most common surgical therapy for end-stage valvular heart diseases. A major drawback all contemporary heart valve replacements have in common is the lack of growth, repair, and remodeling capabilities. To overcome these limitations, the emerging field of tissue engineering is focusing on the in vitro generation of functional, living heart valve replacement...

Optimal load dispatch is the short-term decision of the optimal output of a number of power generation facilities, to meet the system demand, with the objective of load dispatching at the lowest possible cost, subject to transmission lines power loss and operational constraints. The operational constraint includes power balance constraint, generator limit constraint and emission dispatch constr...

A study has been carried out to investigate the influence of soot contaminated automotive lubricants in the wear process of a simulated engine valve train contact. Previous research on this topic has been mainly performed from a chemical point of view in fundamental studies, with insufficient relevance to real engine conditions i.e. load and geometry. This study investigates the conditions unde...

economic dispatch with valve point effect and prohibited operating zones (pozs) is a non-convex and discontinuous optimization problem. harmony search (hs) is one of the recently presented meta-heuristic algorithms for solving optimization problems, which has different variants. the performances of these variants are severely affected by selection of different parameters of the algorithm. intel...

in this study it has been tried, to compare results and convergence rate of sensitivity analysis and conjugate gradient algorithms to reduce fuel consumption and increasing engine performance by optimizing the timing of opening and closing valves in xu7/l3 engine. in this study, considering the strength and accuracy of simulation gt-power software in researches on the internal combustion engine...

Water-hammer is a transient condition which may occur in a network as a result of rapid or slow valve closures, pump failures, changes in turbine loading, etc. It creates high and low pressure waves which travel along the system and decay as a result of wall shear stress. Comparison o experimental and theoretical results revealed the failure of steady or quasi-steady models in correctly predict...

In this paper a new integrated model of the dynamic environmental/economic dispatch (DEED) problem and emergency demand response program (EDRP) has been presented by which their interactions are investigated. DEED schedules the online generators power output over the whole dispatch period subject to some practical constraints so that the fuel costs and emission are optimized simultaneously. EDR...

Inspiratory threshold loading is an important tool in assessing inspiratory muscle function and has been widely used in studies of respiratory mechanics. A simple system was designed to provide a pure and precise inspiratory threshold load. The inspiratory threshold loading system comprises a flow generator attached via a pressure chamber, to the inspiratory port of a Hans-Rudolph valve. By lim...

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY In-vitro studies on the ATS heart valve have indicated that valve opening is less in an expanding conduit than in a straight conduit. METHODS Bileaflet valve behavior was studied using a new computational fluid-structure interaction model. A three-dimensional model of the ATS valve was studied in two geometries, simulating the valve in a geometry with sudden ex...