AIDS-related CMV retinitis is a common clinical problem in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS in China and Southeast Asia. The disease is causing blindness, and current clinical management, commonly characterized by delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment, results in poor clinical outcomes: 21%-36% of eyes with CMV retinitis are already blind at the time the diagnosis is first established by an...

BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic infection following lung transplantation. CMV replication in the lung allograft is described as accelerating the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). Finding a strategy to prevent CMV infection is an important issue. METHODS We performed a retrospective, single-centre study of 114 lung transplant recipients (...

Glucocorticoids are released in response to stressful experiences and serve many beneficial homeostatic functions. However, dysregulation of glucocorticoids is associated with cognitive impairments and depressive illness. In the hippocampus, a brain region densely populated with receptors for stress hormones, stress and glucocorticoids strongly inhibit adult neurogenesis. Decreased neurogenesis...

The pathological processes that lead to long-term consequences of multiple concussions are unclear. Primary mechanical damage to axons during concussion is likely to contribute to dysfunction. Secondary damage has been hypothesized to be induced or exacerbated by inflammation. The main inflammatory cells in the brain are microglia, a type of macrophage. This research sought to determine the con...

A 68-year-old British-Chinese gentleman with left ocular hypertension was referred to the inflammatory eye diseases clinic with a presumed left keratouveitis that developed six weeks after uneventful phacoemulsification surgerywith intraocular lens implantation. This had failed to resolve with oc. aciclovir 3% and intensive g. dexamethasone 0.1%. His left vision was 20/60, associated with dense...