Electrical stimulation in the monkey vestibulocerebellum has previously been shown to produce ocular nystagmus, but large stimulating current values were used. Using long duration (< or = 10-second) stimulus pulse trains and low current values (< 50 microA), we studied the nystagmus evoked by microstimulation in the uvular/nodular regions of the cerebellum. In doing this, we found quantitative ...

The peripheral vestibular system is faced by a sensory ambiguity, where primary otolith afferents respond identically to translational (inertial) accelerations and changes in head orientation relative to gravity. Under certain conditions, this sensory ambiguity can be resolved using extra-otolith cues, including semicircular canal signals. Here we review and summarize how neurons in the vestibu...

OBJECTIVES Traditional voice research focuses on the vocal tract, articulators, and larynx. By ignoring their direct/indirect attachments (skull, cervical spine, and sternum) important information may be missed. We aim to investigate vocal structures within this wider context and assess the validity of this approach for subsequent voice production studies. STUDY DESIGN/METHOD Using a cross-se...

A 4-year-old boy underwent a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for tonsillar and adenoidal hypertrophy. The patient developed difficulty breathing after a nonbloody emesis during the car ride home after surgery. The parents noticed a mass in the patient’s mouth and brought him to the clinic. On examination, he had normal vital signs with no respiratory distress and a pulse oximetry of 98% in room...

Article history: Received 30 September 2016 Accepted 30 September 2016 Available online 5 October 2016 had been referred to Loeys and Dietz since they clearly exhibited a syndromatic phenotype but did not fit other known aneurysm syndromes. Meanwhile the phenotype has broadened and it has been realized that e.g. a bifid uvula is not an essential feature in diagnosing LDS (Loeys et al., 2005). I...