OBJECTIVE YouTube is now the second most visited site on the internet. The authors aimed to compare characteristics of and messages conveyed by cigarette- and hookah-related videos on YouTube. METHODS Systematic search procedures yielded 66 cigarette-related and 61 hookah-related videos. After three trained qualitative researchers used an iterative approach to develop and refine definitions f...

BACKGROUND Cigarette butts are the most common form of litter, as an estimated 4.5 trillion cigarette butts are thrown away every year worldwide. Many chemical products are used during the course of growing tobacco and manufacturing cigarettes, the residues of which may be found in cigarettes prepared for consumption. Additionally, over 4000 chemicals may also be introduced to the environment v...

A novel carbon filter has been developed which primarily reduces the amount of certain vapor phase constituents of tobacco smoke with greater efficiency than the charcoal filters of cigarettes currently in the market. In vitro indicators of genotoxic and cytotoxic potential were used to compare the cigarette smoke condensate (particulate phase) or whole cigarette smoke (vapor phase and particul...

BACKGROUND Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one of the most potent carcinogens generated in cigarette smoke. During smoking, cigarette filters trap a significant portion of mainstream smoke benzo[a]pyrene. This trapped portion is proportional to what exits the end of the filter and is drawn into the mouth of smokers. METHODS We developed a new method to estimate mouth-level BaP intake using filter ana...

In the combustion facilities, halogens (Cl, F, Br, I) should be considered with regard to the control of the compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), halogenated polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and volatile heavy metals formed as a result of incomplete combustion and caused adverse environmental effects. In t...

Free radicals from cigarette smoke are a dangerous part that must be found to counteract. This research aims make composite biofilter made Azadirachta Indica ward off/capture free smoke. is with leaf powder added polyethylene glycol as the matrix. The was then seen for its physical characteristics; density and porosity were tested using SEM. Furthermore, membrane used filter Cigarette passes th...

Marine debris is a global environmental issue. Smoked cigarette filters are the predominant coastal litter item; 4.5 trillion are littered annually, presenting a source of bioplastic microfibres (cellulose acetate) and harmful toxicants to marine environments. Despite the human health risks associated with smoking, little is known of the hazards cigarette filters present to marine life. Here we...

BACKGROUND U.S. military perception of nuclear warfare led to countless unethical nuclear experiments performed on unsuspecting individuals without their informed consent. As evidenced here, subsequent perception of weather warfare has led to exposing millions of unsuspecting individuals to toxic coal fly ash with no public disclosure, no informed consent, and no health warnings. METHODS Thre...

Cigarette paper is the wrapping material surrounding the tobacco to form a cigarette rod. Cigarettes can be made from tobacco, filter cigarette paper and filter papers. Filter papers contain plug wrap papers and tipping papers. The permeability range of the highly porous plug wrap papers is one of their most important properties. In addition, other properties, such as mass (g/m), breaking lengt...

OBJECTIVE To identify the key parameters that influence smoke yields from roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes and to compare smoke yields of cigarettes made under laboratory conditions with those made by habitual RYO consumers. DESIGN AND SETTING One-way parametric variations in the laboratory-based production of RYO cigarettes complemented by a consumer survey conducted in a busy street at Romfor...