BACKGROUND Renal syndromes are occasionally reported in domestic animals. Two identical twin Tyrolean Grey calves exhibited weight loss, skeletal abnormalities and delayed development associated with kidney abnormalities and formation of uroliths. These signs resembled inherited renal tubular dysplasia found in Japanese Black cattle which is associated with mutations in the claudin 16 gene. Des...

BACKGROUND:  Struvite crystals (Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate) are one of the most common causes of urolith formation in cats. Presence of these crystals in urea leads to urinary obstruction and idiopathic cystitis. The prevalence of urinary crystals has increased in recent years, thus there has been a growing interest in development of noninvasive, fast responsive therapies. Vitamin C is a safe...

Urolithiasis is a disorder in small ruminants that is frequently seen in castrated males. This urinary tract disease most often involves the urethra, especially at sites where narrowing of the urethral diameter occurs, such as in the distal part of the sigmoid flexure or in the vermiform appendage (urethral process). Struvite and apetite are the more common uroliths seen in the regions of North...