resilience thinking in urban environment has been recently proposed as an effective measure to realize the objectives of sustainable development, minimize uncertainties and non linear interactions. this concept, in the context of modern urban ecology makes it possible to integrate natural and human factors and in urban systems and understanding the interactions between them, expanding sustainab...

To properly manage urban forests, it is essential to have data on this important resource. An efficient means to obtain this information is to randomly sample urban areas. To help assess the urban forest structure (e.g., number of trees, species composition, tree sizes, health) and several functions (e.g., air pollution removal, carbon storage and sequestration), the Urban Forest Effects (UFORE...

introduction this study is dealt with the environmental planning from a bio-cybernetic and hierarchical systems viewpoint within the context of landscape ecology. this viewpoint requires not only knowledge of the science of ecology but also ecological wisdom in order to recognize the place of humankind in nature. the conceptual and practical approach which is provided will help landscape planne...

We develop a multisector general equilibrium model of system cities to examine the quantitative significance industrial structure in determining spatial structure. identify three types wedges: efficiency wedge, labor and amenity, which capture extent standard urban economics fails explain observed characteristics empirically. then calibrate Japanese regional data conduct counterfactual exercise...

Streams, as low-lying points in the landscape, are strongly influenced by the stormwaters, pollutants, and warming that characterize catchment urbanization. River restoration projects are an increasingly popular method for mitigating urban insults. Despite the growing frequency and high expense of urban stream restoration projects, very few projects have been evaluated to determine whether they...

legibility is one of the most important characteristics of good urban environments which improves the communication between people and place by helping them to perceive and recognize their environment more deeply and precisely. unfortunately, achieving legibility in today’s urban environments has become very hard due to the increase in incoherent developments and partial renovation projects. mo...

unplanned urban development imposes significant pressure on land resources and land use structures and brings about many negative socio-economic and environmental consequences. therefore, comprehensive studies should be applied to support urban land use management in the world and especially in developing countries. in iran, like many other developing countries, urban development is fast and of...

this article presents the findings of an environmental evaluation carried out for the city of tehran . in year 2001 evaluation was based on a mathematical model, the subject of another study prepared for the evaluation of the urban environmental quality of major iranian cities. the model includes qualitative and quantitative features of a city, forming the whole structure of the model. those ch...

According to several types of research, one of the most important issues and principles of sustainable development that urban professionals pay attention to it recently is Just City. One aspect of Justice in cities, spatial justice, has particular significance by Unequal and discordant Expanding in cities regarding creating unequal areas. On the other hand, the urban spatial structure affects t...

integration and coherence within a city’s physical structure have become an issue for towns and cities as theyrapidly expand, incorporate new elements, and undergo incessant changes. at present, we are facing an extensive accumulation of signs and traits in modern urban patterns; many unaccustomed to and incongruous are affecting the socio-cultural and physical characters of cities. here, we wi...