This study examined whether the relationship between high poverty and infant mortality rates (IMRs) varied across race- and ethnic-specific populations in large urban areas. Data were drawn from 1990 Census and 1992-1994 Vital Statistics for selected U.S. metropolitan areas. High-poverty areas were defined as neighborhoods in which > or = 40% of the families had incomes below the federal povert...

Scholarly Abstract Currently, more than half of the human population resides in cities. Over onethird of these cities are located in the global south, where many of the world‟s slum and squatter settlements are located. The unique experience of the urban poor has helped initiate a reconfiguration of poverty definitions, led by Amartya Sen‟s capabilities approach. Countless poverty alleviation p...

, number 6 , December 2016 :e 20162548 The adverse effects of poverty on health have been well documented. In response, pediatric clinicians have become increasingly focused on mitigating these effects on children’s health. 1 In March 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released the first-ever policy statement on poverty, calling for pediatricians to screen and address poverty and re...

Urban Poverty: a multidimensional concept; Educational Package I Poverty: monster with many heads; income poverty, poor living conditions, social and political exclusion. Defining urban poverty is the basic requirement for conceptual thinking and relevant policy discussions, especially because poverty is not that easily defined and well understood. A generally-agreed thinking on poverty could b...

In this paper, a method for establishing a support criterion or poverty line is developed based on Engel’s Law and domestic nutritional values. The support criterion is differentiated across rural and urban areas. An important result is that for 1989, people who spend less than 108,000 Rials annually lie inside the poverty line in urban areas. A further important result is that food should be g...

This paper considers how low-income households and communities in Dar es Salaam have obtained access to land. The paper begins with an analysis of urban land policy in Tanzania, drawing the distinction between planned and unplanned areas. After a consideration of poverty in Tanzania and a brief historical review of urban land allocation, the paper reports on a study carried out in Dar es Salaam...

The aim of this study is to investigate the understanding of wealth, poverty, inequality and unemployment in South African Black (African) children aged 7, 9, 11 and 14 drawn from a rural, an urban and a semi-urban setting. Two hundred and twenty-®ve children (80 rural, 60 urban and 85 semi-urban) were interviewed individually in Setswana, their mother tongue. The urban children were living in ...