Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract The urban boundary layer (UBL), in comparison with " rural " homogeneous atmospheric boundary layers, is characterised by greatly enhanced mixing, resulting from both the large surface roughness and increased surface heating, and by horizontal heterogene-...

extended abstract 1. introduction after industrial revolution, complex economic and technical developments led to wide changes in the size of cities, the proportion of the population in urban areas, and the growth rate of urbanization (johnson, 1998). more than half of the world population currently lives in urban areas and the uncontrolled expansion of cities is becoming a global concern. it i...

In the literature, Improved Recycling Folded Cascode (IRFC) Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) is proposed for enhancing the DC gain and the Unity Gain Bandwidth (UGB) of the Recycling Folded Cascode (RFC) OTA. In this paper, an enhanced IRFC (EIRFC) OTA which uses positive feedback at the cascode node is proposed for enhancing the differential mode (DM) gain without changing the unit...

Foresight Studies analyze emerging issues and trends with the objective of quantifying the research challenge and the potential impact for agricultural research. The past century has entailed a relatively speaking rapid redistribution as well as growth of urban populations, with the urban population surpassing the rural one for the first time in 2008. Processes of urban growth and their implica...

rapidly increasing urbanization in the world, especially in developing countries, let to increasing urban extents. rapid urban growth causes to appearance many problems such as wasting environmental resources, inability of providing necessary services for citizens and unplanned growth. urban mangers and planners need tools for understanding amount and size of future urban growths to prevent the...

Urban land–atmosphere interactions can be captured by numerical modeling framework with coupled land surface and atmospheric processes, while the model performance depends largely on accurate input parameters. In this study, we use an advanced stochastic approach to quantify parameter uncertainty and model sensitivity of a coupled numerical framework for urban land–atmosphere interactions. It i...

1 Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systémes Intelligents (LISSI-E.A.3956), Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, France 2Laboratoire d’Analyse, Numérique et d’Informatique (LANI), Universite Gaston Berger (UGB), Saint-Louis BP 234, Senegal 3 Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès, Thiès BP A10, Senegal 4Département de Mathématique et Informatique, Faculté des Scinces et Technique, Université Cheikh An...