The past decade has seen a growing interest in ocean sensor networks because of their wide applications in marine research, oceanography, ocean monitoring, offshore exploration, and defense or homeland security. Ocean sensor networks are generally formed with various ocean sensors, autonomous underwater vehicles, surface stations, and research vessels. To make ocean sensor network applications ...

Underwater environments are quite different from terrestrial environments in terms of the communication media and operating conditions associated with those environments. In underwater sensor networks, the probability of node failure is high because sensor nodes are deployed in harsher environments than ground-based networks. The sensor nodes are surrounded by salt water and moved around by wav...

Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) consist of movable and stationary nodes, which usually communicate using the acoustic channel. Underwater acoustic communication networks are particularly susceptible to malicious attacks due to the high transmission power requirements, rapidly changing channel characteristics, multi-path echoes, high bit error rates, high ambient noise, high and vary...

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) share the common challenges of terrestrial Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), however they are significantly different from terrestrial WSN. Mainly, because acoustic wireless communication is the main physical layer technology in UWSN. Acoustic communication offers longer range, but has limitations due to low speed of sound, high error probability, limited...

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) can be used in ocean exploration and lake pollution monitoring. They use acoustic media to achieve sensor communications. UWSNs are essentially different from terrestrial RF-based sensor networks due to its highly variable, long propagation delay, and mobility nature. In this paper, we first describe our experimental design of low-cost underwater sens...

Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSN) have many potential applications, such as ocean exploration, pollution monitoring, public safety and military underwater surveillance [1]. In all of these applications, localization plays an important rule since detected events must be tagged with position information. Moreover, position may also be required for geographical routing. GPS is not available in und...

Considering the energy constraint for fixed sensor nodes and the unacceptable long propagation delay, especially for latency sensitive applications of underwater acoustic sensor networks, we propose a MAC protocol that is latency-optimized and energyefficient scheme and combines the physical layer and the MAC layer to shorten transmission delay. On physical layer, we apply convolution coding an...

DTN is the latest growing technology breaking geographical barriers. The DTN layout & bundle protocol present a standard method for interconnecting heterogeneous challenged networks using asynchronous message switching. It furnishes a structure for dynamic routing, contact scheduling, naming, reliability and transmission status reports. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often viewed as challe...