The ideal Bose gas in a highly anisotropic harmonic potential is studied. It is found that BoseEinstein condensation occurs in two distinct steps as the temperature is lowered. In the first step the specific heat shows a sharp feature, but the system still occupies many one-dimensional quantum states. In the second step, at a significantly lower temperature, the ground state becomes macroscopic...

In this paper, we aim to determine the location information of a node deployed in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). We estimate the position of an unknown source node using localization based on linear approach on a single simulation platform. The Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for position estimate is derived first and the four linear approaches namely Linear Least Squares (LLS), Subspace Approac...

Introduction The present day oil crisis and need for more fuel economy has driven the demand for diesel powered automobiles. Diesel soot is one of the primary emissions of diesel combustion and accurate modeling of soot formation is a challenging area for combustion researchers. The soot formation in diesel engine combustion has been previously modeled using a twostep phenomenological model whi...

Android, as a modern popular open source mobile platform, makes its security issues more prominent, especially in user privacy leakage. In this paper, we proposed a twostep model which combines static and dynamic analysis approaches. During the static analysis, permission combination matrix is used to determine whether an application has potential risks. For those suspicious applications, based...

This paper considers the computer–based support for the localization of pathological tissue within tomographic data. The subject of the approach is the inter–patient analysis of brain tissue types such as tumor, CSF, white matter, grey matter, bone, fat tissue and background. The class tumor hereby represents the superset of pathological tissue. The analysis pipeline of the presented approach c...

Automatic abusive language detection is a difficult but important task for online social media. Our research explores a twostep approach of performing classification on abusive language and then classifying into specific types and compares it with one-step approach of doing one multi-class classification for detecting sexist and racist languages. With a public English Twitter corpus of 20 thous...

We propose and experimentally evaluate different approaches for measuring the structural similarity of semistructured documents based on informationtheoretic concepts. Common to all approaches is a twostep procedure: first we extract and linearize the structural information from documents and then we use similarity measures that are based on, respectively, Kolmogorov complexity and Shannon entr...

The dynamic properties o< unentangled adsorbed polymer layers are considered theoretically. The kinetics of penetration of a chain in an adsorbed layer is considered as a twostep process: entry corresponding to the attachment of the chain on the adsorbing surface and spreading on the surface. We discuss three types of experiments, the formation of an adsorbed layer, the desorption from an adsor...

Although a large number of AroA enzymes (EPSPS: 5-enopyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) have been identified, cloned, and tested for glyphosate resistance, only two AroA variants, derived from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4 and Zea mays, have been utilized to produce the commercial glyphosate-resistant crops. Here, we have used a PCR-based twostep DNA synthesis method to synthesize an...

In the present paper, a flexible and parsimonious model of the vibrations of nonlinear mechanical systems is introduced in the form of state-space equations. It is shown that the nonlinear model terms can be formed using a limited number of output measurements. A twostep identification procedure is derived for this grey-box model, integrating nonlinear subspace initialisation and maximum likeli...