We consider the generalization of two classical periodic problems to the context of time scales. On the one hand, we generalize a celebrated result by Castro for the forced pendulum equation. On the other hand, we extend a well-known result by Nirenberg to a resonant system of equations on time scales. Furthermore, the results are new even for classical difference equations.

The kinetics of single-species annihilation, A + A → 0, is investigated in which each particle has a fixed velocity which may be either ±v with equal probability, and a finite diffusivity. In one dimension, the interplay between convection and diffusion leads to a decay of the density which is proportional to t−3/4. At long times, the reactants organize into domains of rightand left-moving part...

Fuzzy Hamming Distance is successfully used in a Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system as a similarity measure. The system performs a m × n partitioning of the compared images and for each partitions pairs evaluates FHD. In the last step the FHD are defuzzified and the results are combined in a final score. In order to take full advantage of the use of fuzzy sets, the current study invest...

This paper will present a novel method based on harmonic mean, geometric mean, arithmetic mean and root mean square to help reduce fuzzy rules. The objective of the new method proposed is to produce fuzzy models with both a small number of interpretable rules and sufficiently high precision. Comparisons will be made between systems utilizing reduced rules and original rules to verify efficacy o...

The main purposes of the present study were to see how the term "euthanasia" influences people's support for or opposition to euthanasia; and to see how euthanasia attitude relates to religious orientation and personality factors. In this study two different euthanasia attitude scales were compared. 197 students were selected to fill out either the Euthanasia Attitude Scale (EAS) or Wasserman's...

Background and Aim: Local anesthetic injection is among the most anxiety-provoking procedures in children. Some scales are currently available to quantify the level of pain experienced based on the child’s behavior. The purpose of this study was to compare two commonly used pain scales. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth study was conducted on 49 healthy children aged 3.5 to 9 years who n...

Defuzzification of type-2 fuzzy sets is a computationally intense problem. This paper proposes a new approach for defuzzification of interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The collapsing method converts an interval type-2 fuzzy set into a representative embedded set (RES) which, being a type-1 set, can then be defuzzified straightforwardly. The novel Representative Embedded Set Theorem (REST), with which ...

This model presents the invention scheduling difficulty in industry with different operational constraints, as well as strategic plan of the business, revenue purpose, and limit on finishing. In this article, we have studied an inventory model for deteriorating items with shortages under partially backlogging. The aim of present study is to minimize the total cost function in fuzzy environment....