The notion of a &Gamma-semigroup was introduced by Sen [8] in 1981. We can see that any semigroup can be considered as a &Gamma-semigroup. The aim of this article is to study the concept of (0-)minimal and max- imal ordered bi-ideals in ordered &Gamma-semigroups, and give some charac- terizations of (0-)minimal and maximal ordered bi-ideals in ordered &Gamma- semigroups analogous to the charact...

aescuela de Medicina, Universidad nacional de Piura, Piura, Perú bescuela de Medicina, Universidad Privada antenor orrego, Piura, Perú cescuela de Psicología, Universidad césar vallejo, Piura, Perú descuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad continental, Huancayo, Perú eSociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Perú fSociedad Científica de Estudiant...

In this paper, we introduce a new generalization of weakly prime ideals called $I$-prime. Suppose $R$ is a commutative ring with identity and $I$ a fixed ideal of $R$. A proper ideal $P$ of $R$ is $I$-prime if for $a, b in R$ with $ab in P-IP$ implies either $a in P$ or $b in P$. We give some characterizations of $I$-prime ideals and study some of its properties.  Moreover, we give conditions  ...

In this paper, we introduce the concept of interval valued fuzzy weak bi-ideals of $Gamma$-near-rings, which is a generalized concept of fuzzy weak bi-ideals of $Gamma$- near-rings. We also characterize some properties and examples of interval valued fuzzy weak bi-ideals of $Gamma$-near-rings.

GHISLAINE GEELEN,1,2 TOMI LAITINEN,3 JUHA HARTIKAINEN,4 ESKO LÄNSIMIES,3 KIM BERGSTRÖM,3 AND LEO NISKANEN4 Departments of 3Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine and 4Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio, Kuopio FIN-70211, Finland; and 1Laboratoire de Physiologie de l’Environnement, Faculté de Médecine Grange Blanche, Université Claude Bernard, and 2Hospices Civils de...

In this paper, we study a generalization of z-ideals in the ring C(X) of continuous real valued functions on a completely regular Hausdorff space X. The notion of a weak ideal and naturally a weak z-ideal and a prime weak ideal are introduced and it turns out that they behave such as z-ideals in C(X).

in this article‎, ‎we have characterized ideals in $c(x)$ in which‎ ‎every ideal is also an ideal (a $z$-ideal) of $c(x)$‎. ‎motivated by‎ ‎this characterization‎, ‎we observe that $c_infty(x)$ is a regular‎ ‎ring if and only if every open locally compact $sigma$-compact‎ ‎subset of $x$ is finite‎. ‎concerning prime ideals‎, ‎it is shown that‎ ‎the sum of every two prime (semiprime) ideals of e...

It is well-known that the sum of two $z$-ideals in $C(X)$ is either $C(X)$ or a $z$-ideal. The main aim of this paper is to study the sum of strongly $z$-ideals in ${mathcal{R}} L$, the ring of real-valued continuous functions on a frame $L$. For every ideal $I$ in ${mathcal{R}} L$, we introduce the biggest strongly $z$-ideal included in $I$ and the smallest strongly $z$-ideal containing ...

This article critically appraises the notion of ‘universal value’ as a core principle underpinningWorldHeritage Sites. It does so through examination of GöremeOpen-AirMuseum, a cultural tourism site of cave Byzantine churches in central Turkey. Focusing on the contestation surrounding the frescoes within the Byzantine churches, the article discusses tensions relating to the non-iconographic nat...

Abstract In this paper, we have introduced anti fuzzy quasi-ideals, anti fuzzy bi-(generalized bi-) ideals and anti fuzzy left (right, two-sided) ideals in LA-semigroup. Further we have characterized an intra-regular LA-semigroup by the properties of their anti fuzzy left (right, two-sided) ideals, anti fuzzy bi(generalized bi-)ideals, anti fuzzy interior ideals and anti fuzzy quasi-ideals. Fur...