Sinking of gelatinous zooplankton biomass is an important component of the biological pump removing carbon from the upper ocean. The export efficiency, e.g., how much biomass reaches the ocean interior sequestering carbon, is poorly known because of the absence of reliable sinking speed data. We measured sinking rates of gelatinous particulate organic matter (jelly-POM) from different species o...

Rapidly sinking fecal pellets are an important component of the vertical flux of particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface to the ocean's interior; however, few studies have examined the role fish play in this export. We determined abundance, size, prey composition, particulate organic carbon/nitrogen (POC/PON), and sinking rates of fecal pellets produced by a forage fish, likely the no...

Science education aims at developing students’ knowledge of scientific concepts and principles. However, students differ in their prior knowledge and cognitive skills and thus follow different learning pathways. We examined whether and how experimentation skills predict elementary students’ pathways of conceptual knowledge development in science education. First to sixth grade students (N = 127...

9 A surprising phenomenon witnessed by many is the sinking bubbles seen in a settling pint of 10 stout beer. Bubbles are less dense than the surrounding fluid so how does this happen? Previous 11 work has shown that the explanation lies in a circulation of fluid promoted by the tilted sides of the 12 glass. However, this work has relied heavily on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations....

Background Sinking prebeta lipoprotein is a putative marker for elevated levels of lipoprotein (a). Although prospective data suggest that increased plasma lipoprotein (a) is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease in men, no prospective studies are available in women. Methods and Results From 1968 through 1975, sinking prebeta lipoprotein was determined by paper electrophoresis i...

Shaft sinking is one of the main parts in underground mine planning. Shaft has various applications in underground mines e.g. minerals exiting flow, gases entrance or exit way, stope developments for exploitation etc. Considering that this section requires an abundance of expenses, management always following the election is the way that both terms have the technical considerations, economic co...

Turbulence and coherent circulation structures, such as submesoscale and mesoscale eddies, convective plumes and Langmuir cells, play a critical role in shaping phytoplankton spatial distribution and population dynamics. We use a framework of advection-reaction-diffusion equations to investigate the effects of turbulent transport on the phytoplankton population growth and its spatial structure ...

[1] We present new empirical and mechanistic models for predicting the export of organic carbon out of the surface ocean by sinking particles. To calibrate these models, we have compiled a synthesis of field observations related to ecosystem size structure, primary production and particle export from around the globe. The empirical model captures 61% of the observed variance in the ratio of par...

Herein, we report an unusual case of a patient who presented with a severe, sinking skin flap after a decompressive craniectomy and ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery due to a traumatic brain injury. After cranioplasty, the patient's neurological deficiency improved and was confirmed by transcranial Doppler sonography. In addition to discussing the pathogenesis of the sinking skin flap, we emph...