BACKGROUND Microbiota of Anopheles midgut can modulate vector immunity and block Plasmodium development. Investigation on the bacterial biodiversity in Anopheles, and specifically on the identification of bacteria that might be used in malaria transmission blocking approaches, has been mainly conducted on malaria vectors of Africa. Vietnam is an endemic country for both malaria and Bancroftian ...

objective(s) the mitochondrial defects in friedreich's ataxia have been reported in many researches. mitochondrial dna is one of the candidates for defects in mitochondrion, and complex i is the first and one of the largest catalytic complexes of oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos) system. materials and methods we searched the mitochondrial nd4l gene for mutations by ttge and sequencing on ...

The amount of time officially available for the teaching of gross anatomy to medical undergraduates was substantially curtailed during the 1960s, both in the USA and in Europe (Kahn, 1966; Todd, 1968). Since then, this trend has been further enhanced by the expanding introduction of problembased learning (Pallie & Miller, 1982; Albanese & Mitchell, 1993) deplored by many gross anatomists, radio...

Interactions between hydrothermal fluids and rock alter mineralogy, leading to the formation of secondary minerals and potentially significant physical and chemical property changes. Reactive transport simulations are essential for evaluating the coupled processes controlling the geochemical, thermal and hydrological evolution of geothermal systems. The objective of this preliminary investigati...