The Indian Ocean Tsunami (IOT) 26 December 2004 is the most devastating tsunami recorded in history causing over than 200,000 deaths and millions homeless people, uncounted property and infrastructure damaged along the coasts of Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives. Many lessons can be inferred for this case, one of interesting phenomena is the dispersive effect on tsunami propagati...

Considered here are Boussinesq systems of equations of surface water wave theory over a variable bottom. A simplified such Boussinesq system is derived and solved numerically by the standard Galerkin-finite element method. We study by numerical means the generation of tsunami waves due to bottom deformation and we compare the results with analytical solutions of the linearized Euler equations. ...

The life of a tsunami is usually divided into three phases: the generation (tsunami source), the propagation and the inundation. Each phase is complex and often described separately. A brief description of each phase is given. Model problems are identified. Their formulation is given. While some of these problems can be solved analytically, most require numerical techniques. The inundation phas...

This study discusses how tsunamis form from earthquakes and how remote-sensing technologies can be used to detect tsunami scales. According to the conventional theory, tsunamis are formed by the vertical deformation of the seafloor during undersea earthquakes. However, our recent studies contradict to the established theory. We will first show evidence—based on GPS displacement measurements, sa...

Indian Ocean (2004) Tsunami and following tragic consequences demonstrated lack of relevant experience and preparedness among involved coastal nations. After the event, scientific and forecasting circles of affected countries have started a capacity building to tackle similar problems in the future. Different approaches have been used for tsunami propagation, such as Boussinesq and Nonlinear Sh...

The well-balanced, positivity-preserving scheme of Audusse et al, 2004, for the solution of the Saint-Venant equations with wetting and drying, is generalised to an adaptive quadtree spatial discretisation. The scheme is validated using an analytical solution for the oscillation of a fluid in a parabolic container, as well as the classic Monai tsunami laboratory benchmark. An efficient database...

The long-standing uncertainty about the importance of asteroid-generated tsunami was addressed at a workshop in August 2016, co-sponsored by NASA and NOAA. Experts from NASA (Ames, JPL), NOAA, DoE (LLNL, SNL, LANL), DHS, FEMA, and academia addressed the hazard of tsunami created by asteroid impacts, focusing primarily on impacting NEAs with diameter <250m. Participants jointly identified key is...

Numerical inversions for earthquake source parameters from tsunami wave data usually incorporate subjective elements to stabilize the search. In addition, noisy and possibly insufficient data result in instability and non-uniqueness in most deterministic inversions, which are barely acknowledged. Here, we employ the satellite altimetry data for the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami event to invert t...

The 27 December 1722 Algarve earthquake destroyed a large area in southern Portugal generating a local tsunami that inundated the shallow areas of Tavira. It is unclear whether its source was located onshore or offshore and, in any case, what was the tectonic source responsible for the event. We analyze available historical information concerning macroseismicity and the tsunami to discuss the m...

in western coast of gujarat destructive tsunamis have been generated from large earthquakes along the makran coast, chagos ridge and kutch region in the past. although the historical record is incomplete, it is believed that such tsunamis were destructive on the coasts of india, pakistan, iran, oman and sri lanka and possibly had significant effects on islands. the most significant tsunamigenic...