PURPOSE The interaction between somatosensory cortex and thalamus via a thalamocortical loop is a theory behind induction of absence epilepsy. Inside peri-oral somatosensory (S1po) and primary somatosensory forelimb (S1fl) regions, excitatory and inhibitory systems are not balanced and GABAergic inhibitory synapses seem to play a fundamental role in short-term plasticity alterations. METHODS ...

INTRODUCTION The hippocampus and piriform cortex have a critical role in seizure propagation. In this study, the role of adenosine A1 receptors of piriform cortex on CA1 hippocampal kindled seizures was studied in rats. METHODS Animals were implanted with a tripolar electrode in the right hippocampal CA1 region and two guide cannulae in the left and right piriform cortex. They were kindled by...

Indonesia sebagai negara plural masih belum bisa meredam terjadinya konflik-konflik agama yang terjadi akibat perbedaan pandangan atau pemahaman mengenai keyakinan, hingga kemudian menimbulkan konflik, baik konflik kecil maupun besar mengakibatkan kerusakan dan kerugian. Minimnya toleransi serta tingginya fanatisme masyarakat membuat sulit dihindarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pe...

This paper seeks to identify the configuration of Internet governance in late 2021, focused on dispute over institutional representation and legitimacy which major regional powers find themselves. The United States, European Union, China compose a tripolar arrangement, each advancing distinct mode with unique characteristics that we strive analyze here.

  Background: Vitex agnus - castus extract (Vitex) is available in dosage forms for female disorders treatment. This extract has shown controversial effects against seizures induced by Maximal electroshock (MES) or pentylenetetrazole (PTZ).   Objective: In the present study the anti-seizure activity of Vitex against acquisition of amygdala kindling was evaluated in male rats.   Methods: Intact ...

In this study the role of CA1 region of dorsal hippocamus an amygdala kindling rate was investigated by bilateral microinjection of lidocaine into hippocampus.28 rats were divided into four groups.in group I:animals were implanted only with a tripolar electrode into the amygdala but in groups 2-4,two guide cannulaae were also implanted into  the CA1 region of the dorsale hippocampus.two monopol...

The left bundle-branch potential (LB), as well as His bundle (H) and atrioventricular nodal (N) potentials, were recorded in intact dogs by using a tripolar electrode catheter positioned in the left ventricle. Simultaneous recordings of H and right bundlebranch (RB) activity from the right endocardial surface were also made. The LB potential was less rapid than the RB potential, but both occurr...