Slipping and tripping contribute to a large number of falls and fall-related injuries. While the vestibular system is known to contribute to balance and fall prevention, it is unclear whether it contributes to detecting slip or trip onset. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of slipping and tripping on head acceleration during walking. This information would help...

Discriminative training for machine translation has been well studied in the recent past. A limitation of the work to date is that it relies on the availability of high-quality in-domain bilingual text for supervised training. We present an unsupervised discriminative training framework to incorporate the usually plentiful target-language monolingual data by using a rough “reverse” translation ...

Despite its importance, the first image rarely figures in theories of international relations. Two conventional wisdoms explain this neglect: first, that the first image does not matter; second, that our epistemological or methodological predilections limit our ability to theorize it. Neither is true. I argue that we neglect the first image not because it is difficult to quantify or study rigor...

A Household Travel Survey (HTS) is a valuable instrument for collecting data suitable for studying the travel behaviour of a sample of households in a specific geographical context. One important output from the trip data after expansion to the population is a set of origin-destination (O-D) trip matrices for combinations of trip purpose, time of day and mode of transport. However, the O-D matr...

Lay people discussing machine translation systems often perform a round trip translation, that is translating a text into a foreign language and back, to measure the quality of the system. The idea behind this is that a good system will produce a round trip translation that is exactly (or perhaps very close to) the original text. However, people working with machine translation systems intuitiv...

Three studies confirm the existence of the return trip effect: The return trip often seems shorter than the initial trip, even though the distance traveled and the actual time spent traveling are identical. A pretest shows that people indeed experience a return trip effect regularly, and the effect was found on a bus trip (Study 1), a bicycle trip (Study 2), and when participants watched a vide...

Transit trip planners are now found on most transit authority websites. This feature gives transit users a full itinerary from a point of origin to a destination. The web server on which the trip planner is installed usually stores usage logs on a daily basis. Log files contain data on origins, destinations, calculated paths, and other website entries. The main purpose of this article is to det...

Tracking the influence of service improvements on passengers particularly is an important component transport management. This study examined characteristics intercity travellers in Economy Class Units (ECU) and recently introduced Diesel Multiple Unit (DMU) within Lagos District Nigeria Railway Corporation south-western Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was randomly administered to 1206 trav...