Quantum mechanics, molecular dynamics and statistical mechanics methods are used to analyze the importance of neutral Hoogsteen-wobble G.C pairing in the stabilization of triple helices based on the poly-(G.C-C) trio at neutral pH and low ionic strength. In spite of the existence of a single hydrogen bond, the Hoogsteen-wobble G.C pair is found to be quite stable both in gas phase and solvated ...

We present extensions to Trio for incorporating continuous uncertainty into the system. Data items with uncertain possible values drawn from a continuous domain are represented through a generic set of functions. Our approach enables precise and efficient representation of arbitrary probability distribution functions, along with standard distributions such as Gaussians. We also describe how que...

1 Overview The robots used in this competition were generously provided by Sony 3]. The robots are the same as the commercial AIBO robots except for slight hardware changes and programming capabilities. These autonomous robots are about 30cm long and have 18 degrees of freedom. The neck pans 90 allowing the robot to scan the eld with its on board camera. Six uniquely colored landmarks are place...

Rho family GTPases play important roles in a variety of cellular processes, including actin cytoskeleton reorganization, transcription activation, and DNA synthesis. Dominant negative mutants of Rho GTPases, such as T17NRac1, that block the endogenous Rho protein activation by sequestering upstream guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) have been widely used to implicate specific members of...

Transcription factor SOX9 (sex-determining region Y-type high mobility group box 9) and its coactivators SOX5 and SOX6 (the SOX trio) induce early-stage chondrocyte differentiation and suppress its terminal stage. To identify possible targets of the SOX trio, we carried out a microarray analysis and identified S100A1 and S100B as possible target molecules. S100 protein expression was localized ...

In genetic association studies, investigators compare allele or genotype frequencies in unrelated case and control subjects or examine preferential allele transmissions from parents to affected offspring. In many genetic case-control studies, the collection of DNA material extends to relatives such as parents of cases. Thus, case-control and case-parent trio association analyses are possible. W...

Leukocyte transendothelial migration involves the active participation of the endothelium through the formation of apical membrane protrusions that embrace adherent leukocytes, termed docking structures. Using live-cell imaging, we find that prior to transmigration, endothelial docking structures form around 80% of all neutrophils. Previously we showed that endothelial RhoG and SGEF control leu...

The effectiveness of a direct quantification assay is essential to the adoption of the combined direct quantification/direct STR workflow. In this paper, the feasibility of using the Quantifiler(®) Trio DNA quantification kit for the direct quantification of forensic casework samples was investigated. Both low-level touch DNA samples and blood samples were collected on PE swabs and quantified d...

The sensory and physiological inputs which govern the larval-pupal transition in Drosophila, and the neuronal circuity that integrates them, are complex. Previous work from our laboratory identified a dosage-sensitive genetic interaction between the genes encoding the Rho-GEF Trio and the zinc-finger transcription factor Sequoia that interfered with the larval-pupal transition. Specifically, we...

Epistasis plays a significant role in the genetic architecture of many complex phenotypes in model organisms. To date, there have been very few interactions replicated in human studies due in part to the multiple hypothesis burden implicit in genome-wide tests of epistasis. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to develop the most powerful tests possible for detecting interactions. In this w...