BACKGROUND One might assume that individuals living in the same household have similar dietary intakes of food groups and nutrients. However, the manner in which an adult's dietary intake affects children's food consumption, diet quality (defined as meeting intake recommendations), and meal sizes is understudied to date. The objective of this study was to estimate these relationships between mi...

Two recent publications reported association of common polymorphisms in the P2 promoter of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4alpha) (the MODY1 gene) with risk for type 2 diabetes. We attempted to reproduce this putative association by genotyping 11 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) spanning the HNF4alpha coding region and the P2 promoter in >3,400 patients and control subjects from Swed...

In this paper we present a trainable speech synthesis system that uses the trended Hidden Markov Model to generate the trajectories of spectral features of synthesis units. The synthesis units are trained from a transcribed continuous speech corpus, making the speech more natural than that produced by conventional diphone synthesisers which are generally trained from a highly articulated speech...

The study by White (1984) on the growth of angular momentum in dark haloes is extended towards a more detailed investigation of the spin parameter L p E=GM 2:5. Starting from the Zel'dovich approximation to structure formation, a dark halo is approximated by a homogeneous ellipsoid with the inertial tensor of the (highly irregular) Lagrangian region from which the dark halo forms. Within this a...

We review the present status of the studies of DNA sequences using methods of statistical physics. We present evidence, based on systematic studies of the entire GenBank database, supporting the idea that the DNA sequence in genes containing noncoding regions is correlated, and that the correlation is remarkably long range, i.e., base pairs thousands of base pairs distant are correlated. We do ...

Droplet positions in atmospheric clouds are random but possibly correlated on some scales. This ‘clustering’ must be quantiŽ ed in order to account for it in theories of cloud evolution and radiative transfer. Tools as varied as droplet concentratio n power spectrum, Fishing test, and fractal correlation analysis have been used to describe the small-scale nature of clouds, and it has been difŽ ...

In this study, we make a major extension of the nonstationary-state or trended hidden Markov model (HMM) from the previous single-trend formulation [2], [3] to the current mixture-trended one. This extension is motivated by the observation of wide variations in the trajectories of the acoustic data in fluent, speaker-independent speech associated with a fixed underlying linguistic unit. It is a...

The organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family of transporters has been implicated in prostate cancer disease progression probably by transporting hormones or drugs. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the expression, frequency, and relevance of OATPs as a biomarker in hormone-dependent cancers. We completed a study examining SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1 and SLCO2B1 mRNA expression in 381 primar...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment effects on the maxillopalatal mandibular configuration by occipito-mental anchorage (OMA) (maxillary protraction) combined with chin cup appliance (CCA) therapy among growing children. The assessment of geometric morphometric, using Procrustes analysis, thin plate spline analysis, and growth-trended vectors, was applied and integrated t...