we present a rare case with history of neurological symptoms due to multiple brain metastases and no urological symptoms. during patient evaluation for primary tumor, transitional cell carcinoma (tcc) of left renal pelvis was found. the patient underwent gamma knife stereotactic radio-surgery for the metastatic brain lesions. radical nephroureterectomy was performed, and a 4-cycle course of pac...

background: cigarette smoking is one of the most important health‑related risk factors in terms of morbidity and mortality. in this study, we introduced a new method for deriving the transitional probabilities of smoking stages from a cross‑sectional study and simulated a long‑term smoking behavior for adolescents. methods: in this study in 2010, a total of 4853 high school students were random...

BACKGROUND Among hospitalized older adults who transfer to skilled nursing facilities (SNF) for short stays and subsequently transfer to home, twenty two percent require additional emergency department or hospital care within 30 days. Transitional care services, that provide continuity and coordination of care as older adults transition between settings of care, decrease complications during tr...

Transitional justice represents itself as both a discourse and practice that exists primarily to support victims of human rights violations and gains its moral legitimacy from the fact that victims are deserving and the claim that transitional justice has the aim of acknowledging victims and providing redress. Here, this claim is interrogated in the light of a practice that actually appears to ...

B cells leave the bone marrow as transitional B cells. Transitional B cells represent a target of negative selection and peripheral tolerance, both of which are abrogated in vitro by mediators of T cell help. In vitro, transitional and mature B cells differ in their responses to B cell receptor ligation. Whereas mature B cells up-regulate the T cell costimulatory molecule CD86 (B7.2) and are ac...

OBJECTIVE We report a rare case of malignant priapism secondary to transitional cell carcinoma. METHODS The patient with bladder cancer (pT4G3) presented with painful penile erection. Corpora cavernosa biopsy was done. RESULTS The pathologic diagnosis was penile metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Priapism secondary to penile metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma is...

OBJECTIVES This study sets out to prospectively investigate the incidence of transitional vertebrae and numerical variants of the spine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Over a period of 28 months, MRIs of the whole spine were prospectively evaluated for the presence of transitional lumbosacral vertebrae and numerical variants of the spine. RESULTS MRI of the whole spine was evaluated in 420 patients,...

BACKGROUND On the 26th December 2004 the Asian tsunami devastated the Sri Lankan coastline. More than two years later, over 14,500 families were still living in transitional shelters. This study compares the health of the internally displaced people (IDP), living in transitional camps with those in permanent housing projects provided by government and non-government organisations in Sri Lanka. ...