Transdermal drug delivery is a dosage form that applied topically to the skin layer (epidermis) which helps deliver into before entering systemic circulation. Ethosomes are soft, and flexible vesicles in rapid absorption. have better pharmaceutical properties than conventional liposomes such as room temperature stability, improved compatibility with Stratum Corneum barrier. non-toxic nature can...

Skin drug delivery can be subdivided into topical and transdermal administration. Transdermal administration can take advantage of chemical and physical strategies that can improve skin permeability and allow drug penetration. In this study, the development of a skin penetration profile was carried out by an in vitro technique for a microencapsulated system of ibuprofen. Release experiments wer...

Flynn, G.L., and B. Stewart: Percutaneous drug penetration: Choosing candidates for transdermal drug development. Drug Dev. Res. 13:169-185, 1988. There is currently a high level of interest in using the skin as a route for delivering drugs. One hears the questions: What are the attributes of a drug that make it a serious candidate for transdermal delivery? By what a priori analysis might one z...

Drug Delivery through skin would provide a useful alternative to oral delivery, which has numerous side effects. Therefore, the present investigation was aimed to develop sustained release transdermal therapeutics system containing Glipizide with varying ratios of HPMC & PVPK30 using solvent evaporation technique. Ten different formulations were prepared keeping the concentration of Glipizide c...

OBJECTIVE To review current knowledge of the efficacy, safety and cost of transdermal nicotine therapy for smoking cessation. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION 1. Published and unpublished reports of randomised, double-blind trials of at least 12 weeks' duration, in smokers motivated to cease smoking, identified by a search of the MEDLINE database, article and book bibliographies, Current cont...

Arecoline Absorption after dermal application Hayes et al. (1989) developed a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique for quantitative analysis of arecoline in blood plasma, in the concentration range 1–50 ng/mL, which was used on plasma samples from healthy volunteers [number not given] who had received transdermal doses at 3 mg/h. The time–concentration profile showed a maximum...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a combination of bioidentical combined 17β-estradiol and progesterone transdermal delivery system (lipophilic emulsion-type base) to relieve climacteric symptoms. The hormonal replacement was given during a period of 6 months at four different cyclic doses to mimic the normal ovary secretory pattern. DESIGN An open, randomized, comparative, between-patien...

Drug therapy is a process for cure the patient diseases. And in this study several studies can involve such as Photodynamic therapy (PDT), Music therapy, and Chewing gum as drug delivery system. Photodynamic therapy is a relatively new procedure used for the treatment of acne. Music has frequently been used as a therapeutic agent from the ancient times. The concept of Music Therapy is dependent...

Use of the percutaneous route may avoid some of the undesirable side effects that occur following oral administration in estrogen replacement therapy. At present, knowledge of estradiol transdermal properties relating to delivery of drugs in the skin is lacking. One reason is that in the existing transport models of estradiol, the skin is regarded as a single layer. This study revealed a signif...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of progesterone resulting from the application of a progesterone cream to the skin. STUDY DESIGN Six postmenopausal women were evaluated at a university clinic over a 4-week period. RESULTS Transdermal estradiol 0.05 mg was applied 2 days before the first application of progesterone (30 mg/d) and was continued throughout...