Background & Aim: Increasing of drug resistances and more attention to the hazards of side effects of synthetic drugs has caused extensive researches on medicinal plant resources. The aim of this study was to determination of the chemical composition of native Silybum marianum and Foeniculum vulgare extractions in Ardabil, Iran; and investigation of their anti...

Background & Aim: Increasing of drug resistances and more attention to the hazards of side effects of synthetic drugs has caused extensive researches on medicinal plant resources. The aim of this study was to determination of the chemical composition of native Silybum marianum and Foeniculum vulgare extractions in Ardabil, Iran; and investigation of their anti...

α-Glucosidase is in the glycoside hydrolase family 13 (13AG) and 31 (31AG). Only 31AGs can hydrate the D-glucal double bond to form α-2-deoxyglucose. Because 1,5-anhydrofructose (AF), having a 2-OH group, mimics the oxocarbenium ion transition state, AF may be a substrate for α-glucosidases. α-Glucosidase-catalyzed hydration produced α-glucose from AF, which plateaued with time. Combined reacti...

The three-ring eudesmanolide, C(15)H(16)O(3), is a natural product isolated from Dicoma anomala Sond. (Asteraceae). The compound contains an endo-exo cross conjugated methyl-enecyclo-hexenone ring with an envelope conformation trans-fused with cyclo-hexane and trans-annelated with an α-methyl-ene γ-lactone. The absolute structure was assigned by optical rotation measurements compared to those f...

Mannich-type reactions of O-Boc glycolic esters across chiral N-sulfinyl-α-chloroaldimines resulted in the efficient and syn-stereoselective synthesis of new γ-chloro-α-hydroxy-β-amino esters (dr > 99 : 1). The α-coordinating ability of the chlorine atom was of great importance for the diastereoselectivity of the Mannich-type reaction and overruled the chelation of the sulfinyl oxygen with the ...

The title compound, C(15)H(22)O(4), consists of two trans-fused six-membered rings and a trans-fused five-membered γ-lactone. The ep-oxy and hydroxyl groups are α-oriented. The cyclo-hexane rings adopt half-chair and chair conformations and the lactone ring is in an envelope conformation. The mol-ecular structure is stabilized by one O-H⋯O and three C-H⋯O intra-molecular hydrogen bonds.

Objective: Most of the research conducted so far on effective treatments for social anxiety disorder has used traditional cognitive-behavioral therapies. However, recent pathological theories emphasize the role of emotion regulation in the formation and continuation of the symptoms of this disorder. Thus, the study has been conducted to compare the efficacy of emotion- oriented therapy and the ...