Today, the development of powerful one-pot techniques combining native chemical ligation and cysteine reductive desulfurization is central to production proteins by synthesis. In September issue Chem, Xuechen Li co-workers achieved this goal sodium tetraethylborate a phosphine as post-ligation treatment.

background: previous researches about the effects of epididymal obstruction on the testes are contradictory, and the mechanism harmful effect of male duct system obstruction on seminiferous tubules still remains unclear. objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of epididymal obstruction in prepubertal rats on the testis. materials and methods: 15 days of age, the young ra...

Key points † Optimizing tracheal sealing is of clinical interest: fluid leakage past the tube cuff plays an important role in the pathogenesis of VAP. † Tapered shaped tube cuff offering a sealing zone with reduced folds and channels is a new strategy to minimize fluid leakage past the tracheal tube cuff. † Tracheal tube cuffs made from PVC show much more and faster fluid leakage than cuffs mad...

Tracheal diameter can be assessed from a thoracic radiograph, with assessment of tracheal diameter in dogs based on ratios between tracheal diameter and a skeletal measurement. Reference intervals are not, however, available for the cat. Tracheal narrowing may cause significant clinical problems, although tracheal hypoplasia in dogs may be clinically silent, and is rarely reported in cats (both...

a twenty-year-old girl was referred with tracheal stenosis (ts) which was a consequence of prolonged intubation after head injury because of previous car accident. the patient was aphasic and had normal respiration. fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed complete tracheal obstruction at second tracheal ring level. distal trachea was normal through tracheostomy tube. removal of the tracheostomy tube and...

mediastinal tracheostomy is a complex surgical procedure for the management of airway reconstruction in patients whose distal trachea is not sufficiently long to be reconstructed as cervical tracheostomy after tracheal resection for malignant diseases. in this article (study), we present our 10 year experience of this uncommon procedure in thoracic surgery ward of imam khomeini's hospital, tehr...

conclusions stents would be regarded as a temporary means of reaching the ideal condition for resection and reconstruction in most patients with tracheal stenoses. although an optimal stent has not been introduced yet, we used polyflex stents in most of our patients with tracheal stenosis due to its availability and ease of use. we suggest that this method is safe and less time consuming than i...

The formation of the tracheal network in Drosophila is driven by stereotyped migration of cells from the tracheal pits. No cell divisions take place during tracheal migration and the number of cells in each branch is fixed. This work examines the basis for the determination of tracheal branch fates, prior to the onset of migration. We show that the EGF receptor pathway is activated by localized...

BACKGROUND Tracheal stenosis is more frequent as a result of wide-spread use of endotracheal intubation and tracheostomy. Resection and tracheal reconstruction remain the treatment of choice in benign tracheal stenosis. OBJECTIVES To report our experience in Basra and to identify the result of anastomosis after tracheal resection and management of those patients preoperatively and postoperati...