In order to elucidate which physiological event(s) are involved in the seasonal changes of carbohydrate dynamics during winter, we examined the effects of different low temperatures on the carbohydrate concentrations of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.) Nakai). For four winter seasons, large increases in the sorbitol concentration of shoot xylem sap occurred during mid- to late December, p...

Water shortage is one of the most important environmental stresses in Mediterranean regions. Poor seedling quality may account for the failure of oak regeneration. To determine the best seed origin of Quercus brantii, we investigated on seedlings collected from 20 mother trees in the Zagros Mountain forests 700 to 2200 m altitudes above sea level. Seedlings from different altitudes were irrig...

Insect β-glucan recognition protein (βGRP), a pathogen recognition receptor for innate immune responses, detects β-1,3-glucan on fungal surfaces via its N-terminal carbohydrate-binding domain (N-βGRP) and triggers serine protease cascades for the activation of prophenoloxidase (pro-PO) or Toll pathways. Using biophysical and biochemical methods, we characterized the interaction of the N-termina...

THERE has been considerable discussion as to the best method to be adopted in isolating the reserve carbohydrate of yeast. In order to isolate the insoluble carbohydrate all other material of the cell must be brought into solution and with this object earlier workers have extracted yeast with solutions of KOH varying from 3 to 60 %. The residue contains the insoluble carbohydrate whilst the sol...

The trypsinized cell walls of Group C streptococci contain two components, the group-specific carbohydrate and a mucopeptide polymer. Hot formamide extraction of Group C cell walls results in a soluble group-specific carbohydrate fraction and an insoluble mucopeptide residue. This mucopeptide, similar in composition to that of Groups A and A-variant streptococci, contains N-acetylglucosamine, N...

Cereal grains are considered by consumers due to effect on health because of their antioxidant capacity, phenolic content and other phytochemicals. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted to evaluate of morphological and nutritional traits on 10 rice genotypes. Analysis of variance showed a significant different among the genotypes for all traits. Onda, Gharib, Fajr and L2 genotypes had t...

Cereal grains are considered by consumers due to effect on health because of their antioxidant capacity, phenolic content and other phytochemicals. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted to evaluate of morphological and nutritional traits on 10 rice genotypes. Analysis of variance showed a significant different among the genotypes for all traits. Onda, Gharib, Fajr and L2 genotypes had t...