The objective of this work is to compare with simulating, using OPNET the performance of five Ad hoc routing protocols: DSR, AODV, OLSR ,TORA and GRP , and to examine the impact of mobility and the density of nodes on the behavior of these protocols in a Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANET). The results show that there is not a protocol that is favorite for all evaluation criteria. Indeed, each pro...

This paper considers the problem of providing a geocast service in mobile ad hoc networks and presents a novel geocasting algorithm combining unicasting and flooding. Geocast is useful for sending messages to everyone in a specified geographical region. The proposed protocol is named GeoTORA, because it is derived from the TORA (unicast) routing protocol. Flooding is also incorporated in GeoTOR...

The present study aimed to investigate the variety of elements, chemical compounds and their corresponding functional groups in whole plant, leaves, seeds Senna tora. A preliminary phytochemical analysis has revealed presence secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, cardiac active glycosides, phenolics, etc. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) le...

Mobile Adhoc Networks [MANETs] involve communication between various mobiles hosts which themselves act as routers and help in transmitting packets to the destination through intermediate nodes which lie within the radio transmission range of each other. Due to high level of dynamism, reliable, fast and energy efficient routing of data packets from the source to the destination is an area of gr...

BACKGROUND Proteases play an important role in virulence of many human, plant and insect pathogens. The proteinaceous protease inhibitors of plant origin have been reported widely from many plant species. The inhibitors may potentially be used for multiple therapeutic applications in viral, bacterial, fungal diseases and physiological disorders. In traditional Indian medicine system, Cassia tor...

Redox enzyme maturation proteins (REMPs) bind pre-proteins destined for translocation across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane via the twin-arginine translocation system and enable the enzymatic incorporation of complex cofactors. Most REMPs recognize one specific pre-protein. The recognition site usually resides in the N-terminal signal sequence. REMP binding protects signal peptides against ...

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) respiration is carried out mainly by the Tor system in Escherichia coli. This system is encoded by the torCAD operon and comprises a periplasmic TMAO reductase (TorA) and a c-type cytochrome (TorC), which shuttles electrons to TorA. Expression of the tor operon is positively controlled by the TorS/TorR phosphorelay system in response to TMAO availability and negati...