Intralesional steroid injections are the standard treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids. The procedure is, however, quite painful and is unpopular with patients because of this. Topical application of anesthetic creams, such as Ametop gel (tetracaine) and EMLA cream (lidocaine and prilocaine), has limited efficacy because of poor drug penetration. The onset of the analgesic effect is als...

Background: To investigate the efficacy of topical 0.1% tacrolimus in treating refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Material and Methods: This prospective study included 20 patients with refractory VKC. Patients having refractory VKC were started with topical 0.1% tacrolimus eye drop twice daily. Changes in subjective symptoms and objective signs after treatment were evaluated. Results: Tota...

A 44 year old female nurse with a 20-year history of severe, steroid-dependent asthma, hypertension, hematuria, pleuritis, and sinusitis was referred from her ophthalmologist in January 2000, with the question of possible bilateral scleritis. The patient was treated with topical steroid (prednisolone acetate 6 times daily) for anterior uveitis, systemic prednisone (50mg per os) and steroid inha...

Steroid-induced glaucoma is a form of open-angle glaucoma occurring as an adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy.1 It is usually associated with topical steroid use, but it may develop with oral, intravenous, inhaled, or periocular steroid administration by causing decrease in aqueous outflow facility. A number of drugs have been implicated in corticosteroid-induced glaucoma including dexamet...

Purpose. To report a case of granulomatous anterior uveitis caused by travoprost. Methods. Single observational case report. Results. A 71-year-old who was fit and healthy presented with bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis 2 months after he was started on travoprost in both eyes. There was no past history of uveitis. Blood test and radiological investigation were unremarkable. Travoprost w...

INTRODUCTION A previous randomised controlled trial has demonstrated that oral plus topical mesalazine enema is more effective than oral mesalazine alone for achieving clinical remission in mild-to-moderately active extensive ulcerative colitis (UC). To evaluate whether this strategy is cost-effective we conducted an economic evaluation comparing 1 g topical mesalazine in combination with 4 g o...