The need for determining the position of a mobile station (MS) is increasing rapidly in wireless communications systems. When there is non-line-of-sight (NLOS) path between the MS and base stations (BSs), it is possible to integrate many kinds of measurements to achieve more accurate measurements of the MS location. This paper proposed hybrid methods that utilize time of arrival (TOA) at five B...

In a wireless communication system, wireless location is the technique used to estimate the location of a mobile station (MS). To enhance the accuracy of MS location prediction, we propose a novel algorithm that utilizes time of arrival (TOA) measurements and the angle of arrival (AOA) information to locate MS when three base stations (BSs) are available. Artificial neural networks (ANN) are wi...

In this paper, we derive the Bayesian Cramér-Rao lower bound for three dimensional hybrid localization using time-of-arrival (ToA) and direction-of-arrival (DoA) types of measurements. Unlike previous works, we include the practical constraint that the anchor position is not known exactly but rather up to some error. The resulting bound can be used for error analysis of such a localization syst...

A new distributed algorithm is described in this paper for localizing sensor network nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The algorithm shares a common three-phase structure: (1) determine node-beacon distances, (2) build a cost function for every sensor node, and (3) compute the coordinate of the node. The coordinates of the sensor nodes are computed using either the Davidson-Fletcher-Powe...

A robust lter for the estimation of the pulse repetition interval (PRI) of a periodic radar pulse train is derived. The lter uses only the pulse times of arrival (TOA) and is speciically designed, using mixture distribution techniques developed for the robustiication of the Kalman lter to outliers, to be robust to both missing pulses and to a small number of spurious noise pulses. In fact, the ...

A photonic approach to the simultaneous measurement of the frequency, pulse amplitude (PA), pulse width (PW), and time of arrival (TOA) of an unknown pulsed microwave signal is proposed and demonstrated. The measurement is performed based on optical carrier-suppressed modulation, complementary optical filtering, low-speed photodetection, and electrical signal processing. A proof-of-concept expe...

The Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) analysis shows that ultra-wideband (UWB) technique can provide precise timing and positioning, thanks to its huge bandwidth. In this paper, we apply the UWB signal for the energy detection based time-of-arrival (ToA) estimation. We analyze the mistiming performance of the ToA estimator in a general Nakagamim channel. Analysis shows that the slope of the probability of...

The performance of the peak and leading edge detection methods for time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation in band-limited systems is examined. Analytical expressions for the detection performance in the presence of both random noise and multipath interference are derived. A dimensionless performance factor is presented that allows simple comparisons of the TOA estimation algorithms. These equations a...

A complete centralized processing framework is proposed for human tracking using multistatic radar in the foliage-penetration environment. The configuration of the multistatic radar system is described. Primary attention is devoted to time of arrival (TOA) estimation and target localization. An improved approach that takes the geometrical center as the TOA estimation of the human target is give...

This report presents a new low latency, high resolution and low cost timing synchronization technique for digital receivers. Traditional timing synchronization employs Matched filter to perform cross-correlation operation and estimate Time-of-Arrival (TOA) of the signal. Decreasing the latency of the traditional method through oversampling leads to a higher complexity and it is not viable. Furt...