Tiger is a cryptographic hash function with a 192-bit hash value. It was proposed by Anderson and Biham in 1996. Recently, weaknesses have been shown in round-reduced variants of the Tiger hash function. First, at FSE 2006, Kelsey and Lucks presented a collision attack on Tiger reduced to 16 and 17 (out of 24) rounds with a complexity of about 2 and a pseudo-near-collision for Tiger reduced to ...

Today, most wild tigers live in small, isolated Protected Areas within human dominated landscapes in the Indian subcontinent. Future survival of tigers depends on increasing local population size, as well as maintaining connectivity between populations. While significant conservation effort has been invested in increasing tiger population size, few initiatives have focused on landscape-level co...

The Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) data are an essential part of the US Census and represent a critical element in the nation’s spatial data infrastructure. TIGER data for the year 2000, however, are of limited positional accuracy and were deemed of insufficient quality to support the 2010 Census. In response the US Census Bureau embarked on the MAF/TIGER A...

A unique eye color, called tiger-eye, segregates in the Puerto Rican Paso Fino (PRPF) horse breed and is characterized by a bright yellow, amber, or orange iris. Pedigree analysis identified a simple autosomal recessive mode of inheritance for this trait. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 24 individuals identified a locus on ECA 1 reaching genome-wide significance (Pcorrected = 1.32 ×...

Eight traditional subspecies of tiger (Panthera tigris),of which three recently became extinct, are commonly recognized on the basis of geographic isolation and morphological characteristics. To investigate the species' evolutionary history and to establish objective methods for subspecies recognition, voucher specimens of blood, skin, hair, and/or skin biopsies from 134 tigers with verified ge...

background and objectives: in december 2010 four, lions and one tiger died at the tehran zoo.  out of all samples, burkholderia mallei (causative agent of glanders) was isolated just from ulcer sample of the tiger which was imported to iran from russia. materials and methods: one nasal swab from a tiger and fifteen blood samples with anticoagulant belonging to one tiger and fourteen lions (four...

In 1997, seven sport fish species were sampled from seven popular fishing areas in San Francisco Bay. Mercury exceeded a human health screening value in 44 of 84 (52%) samples. All collected samples of leopard shark and striped bass exceeded the mercury screening value of 0.23 microg/g wet weight. PCBs exceeded the screening value in 51 of 72 (71%) samples. DDT, chlordane, and dieldrin, had low...

This paper evaluates the preimage resistance of the Tiger hash function. We will propose a pseudo-preimage attack on its compression function up to 23 steps with a complexity of 2, which can be converted to a preimage attack on 23-step Tiger hash function with a complexity of 2. The memory requirement of these attacks is 2 words. Our pseudo-preimage attack on the Tiger compression function adop...

Shewanella and Pseudomonas are considered to be the main spoilage bacteria for chilled fish. This work focused on adhesion ability of two (Shewanella spp. S-1 P-1), inhibitory effects Bacillus subtilis against in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). We aimed develop a feasible solution prolong shelf life croaker. The characteristics strains were compared. It was found that induced more ...