OBJECTIVES To study changes in the variables of volumetric capnography in children and adolescents with asthma compared with a control group and to investigate their changes with the use of bronchodilators and bronchial provocation test with methacholine. METHODS One hundred and three patients with controlled persistent asthma and 40 healthy volunteers participated in the study. All of them u...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Bag-valve-mask ventilation remains an essential component of airway management. Rescuers continue to use both traditional 1- or 2-handed mask-face sealing techniques, as well as a newer modified 2-handed technique. We compare the efficacy of 1-handed, 2-handed, and modified 2-handed bag-valve-mask technique. METHODS In this prospective, crossover study, health care providers p...

Hager’s data that no significant change in mortality was observed regardless of tidal volume once plateau pressure was less than 28 cm H2O. Drs. Dongelmans and Schultz also referred to the article by Gajic et al., which was a retrospective review with plateau pressures available on only a few patients to illustrate the potential of large tidal volumes causing acute lung injury. The tidal volume...

Measurements and main results: The adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for 28-day mortality rate associated with hypercapnic acidosis defined as day 1 pH <7.35 and PaCO2 >45 mm Hg were 0.14 (95% CI 0.03-0.70, p = .016) in the 12 mL/kg PBW tidal volume group and 1.18 (95% CI 0.59-2.35, p = .639) in the 6 mL/kg PBW tidal volume group. Other definitions of hypercapnic acidosis sp...

Objective: To determine the effect of feedback and education regarding the use of predicted body weight to adjust tidal volume in a lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategy. Methods: The study was performed from October 2014 to November 2015 (12 months) in a single university polyvalent intensive care unit. We developed a combined intervention (education and feedback), placing particul...

BACKGROUND In the event of cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a well-established technique to maintain oxygenation of tissues and organs until medical equipment and staff are available. During CPR, chest compressions help circulate blood and have been shown in animal models to be a means of short-term oxygenation. In this study, we tested whether gentle chest pressure can ge...

INTRODUCTION Dysregulation of coagulation and local fibrinolysis found in patients with acute lung injury often results in the need for the support of mechanical ventilation. High-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation can increase lung damage and suppression of fibrinolytic activity, but the mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that subcutaneous injections of unfractionated heparin and enoxapa...

The effects of variations in cyclic breathing parameters (i.e., tidal volume and breath frequency) have been the subject of few studies devoted to the deposition of submicrometer aerosols in the human respiratory tract. Therefore, a series of experiments was performed to investigate whether the deposition efficiency (DE) of sidestream cigarette smoke is altered by varying tidal volume and breat...

Measurements of tidal flow, volume, and oesophageal pressure were recorded on a group of 8 severely preterm infants with periodic respiration. Analysis of the flow trace for evidence of cardiac artefact, and the tidal volume trace to identify at what point of the tidal cycle apnoea starts, indicated that upper airways obstruction was associated with about half these attacks. It is surmised that...

Frequency-domain analyses of R-R intervals are used widely to estimate levels of autonomic neural traffic to the human heart. Because respiration modulates autonomic activity, we determined for nine healthy subjects the influence of breathing frequency and tidal volume on R-R interval power spectra (fast-Fourier transform method). We also surveyed published literature to determine current pract...