Although the initial application of endoluminal ultrasonography was for the evaluation and staging of rectal cancer, it soon became apparent to clinicians that this modality had tremendous potential in the evaluation of benign disease of the anal canal and pelvic floor.1,2 This article will discuss the current role of endosonography of the anal canal, with emphasis on anatomical considerations ...

Normally, trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal inner wall endothelial cells within the aqueous humor outflow pathway maintain intraocular pressure within a narrow safe range. Elevation in intraocular pressure, because of the loss of homeostatic regulation by these outflow pathway cells, is the primary risk factor for vision loss due to glaucomatous optic neuropathy. A notable feature as...

54-year female presented with a lesion on her left buttock and perineum for approximately 18 months prior to seeking evaluation. It has grown gradually over this period of time. She constipation, perineal bleeding, pain, weight loss twenty pounds. CT abdomen pelvis showed large mass in the extending into anus enlarged lymph nodes. PET intensely hypermetabolic involving anal canal, mildly FDG av...

Four black patients, all with sickle trait (SA), developed transient open-angle glaucoma with blood in Schlemm's canal. In 3 patients the condition followed blunt trauma, while in the fourth no antecedent trauma was described. The intraocular pressure became normal in all 4 cases with the resolution of the haemorrhage from the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal.

Perforation of floor of the dental pulp is often encountered during root canal treatment in routine clinical practice of dental caries. If perforation were large, granulation tissue would grow to form periodontal polyp. Granulation tissue consists of proliferating cells however their origin is not clear. It was shown that the cells in granulation tissue are mainly from migration of undifferenti...

IT is possible to obtain a radiographic view of the naso-lacrimal canal "end-on" by directing a beam of x-rays down the axis of the canal to a film held horizontally in the mouth: the centre of the film is placed near the site of the first molar tooth (Brunetti, 1930; Kopylow, 1930; Toth, 1933), or the second pre-molar. Examples of such radiographs are shown in Figs 1, 2, and 3. The present inv...