The French law, contrary to the Iranian law, has given the mother a kind of representation for guardianship and training of the child. This is a development that was established in France in 1970, and in Article 6 of the Iranian Family Protection Act of 2012, the granting of representation to the mother over the legal procedure for demand of the child or the incompetent has been entrusted...

Konrád and Szelényi cannot be faulted for not anticipating the political failure of economic reforms from the vantage point of 1973–1974. Still, the rejection of the reform moment they capture in the work not only prevented the consolidation of intellectual class rule, but also helps to explain why Soviet-type systems collapsed so quickly. When the political elite rejected the reforms of the 19...

This paper aims to explore the roots of nativist discourse among Iranian intellectuals in 20th century prior Islamic Revolution, a based on Eastern authenticity and felt need for return Islamic, Persian, or Asian traditions. general tendency took various forms anti- even pro-regime intellectuals, including severe anti-modernist evaluations Al-e-Ahmad, Hossein Nasr, Ahmad Fardid, Ehsan Naraqi. m...

using the analytic-historical method, this article attempts to explain the cultural policies of the first shah of the pahlavi dynasty toward women. relying on the theory of evolution and formation of national identity in iran, the article seeks to answer this question: ‘what is the impact of the cultural policies of the first shah of the pahlavi dynasty on the occurrence of identity crisis amon...

This article examines a number of public issues that have been framed in racial terms with the aid of statistical data and analysis. It explores the efforts of journalists and public intellectuals to shape public understanding of the causes and consequences of racial disparity through the strategic use of statistical data and representations. Journalistic frames emphasize discrimination in fina...

wide-ranging sociological studies have been conducted on the history of iranian intellectuality and modernism. the findings jointly acknowledge that due to communication with the west and following the effects that was received from modernism, the first generation of iranian intellectualism was emerged. it is said that having benefited from the translated works in its general concept, i.e. incl...

Objective: To observe the concentration of serum homocysteine in intellectuals and the related influential factors. Methods: The concentrations serum homocysteine and saliva cortisol were measured in 138 intellectuals from three cities, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Chengdu in China. All the subjects had senior titles of technical post, aged 40-69 years. Results: The mean value of serum homocysteine c...