Glucose regulatory protein (GRP58) is known to mediate mitomycin C (MMC)-induced DNA cross-linking. However, the mechanism remains elusive. We hypothesized that thioredoxin-like domains, one at NH2 terminus and another at COOH terminus, are required for GRP58-mediated MMC reductive activation leading to DNA cross-linking. Site-directed mutagenesis mutated cysteines in thioredoxin domains to ser...

Thioredoxin which is induced by thioredoxin reductase causes the proliferation of cancerous cells and metastasis due to its effects on cell growth, besides regulatory amount reactive oxygen species. One procedures recently used in cancer treatment inhibition. Different types bioactivities NHC metal-NHC complexes have been studied anti-cancer one these activities. In addition in-vitro anticancer...

Desmin (DES) maintains the overall structure of cardiomyocytes and cytoskeletal organization within striated muscle cells. Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase 2 (TXNRD-2) is essential for mitochondrial oxygen radical scavenging. We describe a rare case dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in an 18-year-old female with heterozygous mutation involving both DES TXNRD-2 genes.

Cellular redox balance is maintained by various antioxidative systems. Among those is the thioredoxin system, consisting of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and NADPH. In the present study, we examined the effects of caloric restriction (2 mo) on the expression of the cytosolic and mitochondrial thioredoxin system in skeletal muscle and heart of senescent and young rats. Mitochondrial thiore...

COMMENTARY Correction for “Mitochondrial metabolism is regulated by thioredoxin,” by Ian Max Møller, which appeared in issue 11, March 17, 2015, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (112:3180–3181; first published March 9, 2015; 10.1073/pnas.1502425112). The authors note that on page 3181, left column, second full paragraph, line 14, “thioredoxin reductase using NADPH” should instead appear as “ferredoxin...

In the arsenic resistance gene cluster from the large linear plasmid pHZ227, two novel genes, arsO (for a putative flavin-binding monooxygenase) and arsT (for a putative thioredoxin reductase), were coactivated and cotranscribed with arsR1-arsB and arsC, respectively. Deletion of the ars gene cluster on pHZ227 in Streptomyces sp. strain FR-008 resulted in sensitivity to arsenic, and heterologou...

The thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system (Trx/TrxR) is an attractive drug target because of its involvement in a number of important physiological processes, from DNA synthesis to regulating signal transduction. This study describes the finding of pyrazolone compounds that are active against Staphylococcus aureus. Initially, the project was focused on discovering small molecules that may ha...

background: thioredoxin reductase 1 (txnrd1) and thioredoxin interacting protein (txnip) also known as thioredoxin binding protein 2 or vitamin d3-upregulated protein 1 are key players in oxidative stress control. thioredoxin (trx) is one of the major components of the thiol reducing system and plays multiple roles in cellular processes. computational analyses of txnrd1, txnip and trx expressio...

Two subtypes of class III anaerobic ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) studied so far couple the reduction of ribonucleotides to the oxidation of formate, or the oxidation of NADPH via thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Certain methanogenic archaea contain a phylogenetically distinct third subtype of class III RNR, with distinct active-site residues. Here we report the cloning and recombinant...