OBJECTIVES Laparoscopic surgery in general is handicapped by the reduction of the range of motion from six to four degrees of freedom. This has a major impact on technically difficult procedures such as laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Solutions for this problems include the understanding of the geometry of laparoscopy with sophisticated training programs, but lie also in newly developed sur...

In this paper we examine middle managers’ struggle over their subject position as strategists in the context of participative strategy processes. Based on a longitudinal case study company undertaking an Open Strategy process, show how wider inclusion front-line employees developing new undermines traditional managers. these findings, develop process model depicting recursive dynamics struggles...