The most perspicuous phenomenon that demonstrates the head-final property of Japanese is the sentence-final clusters of auxiliary verbs such as (s)ase and conjunctive particles nagara. Although they are related to the hierarchical clause structure that has been discussed in the literature of Japanese linguistics, the hierarchical complexities have also been one of the major causes of the failur...

the arabic grammarians call the “main preposition + genitive noun” and an “adverb” a “prepositional phrase”. for prepositional phrases to assimilate into the sentence structure and fulfill their roles, they should have a specific connection and link to another part of the sentence. this link is called “attachment” and that part is named “attached phrase”. consequently, a prepositional phrase ca...

Sustainable settlement is one of the key constituents of sustainable development, and sustainable urban development can be defined in this framework. Emergence of sustainable development as a commonly-used phrase has caused several controversies about urban forms. Today’s urban form is known as a source of environmental problems. Undoubtedly, this phrase has persuaded many of researchers to sea...