this study aims to show the changes of the image of arabic/persian other in the novels of iranian author, ahmad mahmud and arabic author¬, abd al-rahman munif. in this comparative study, we follow the both of american and russian schools in comparative literature that focus on common and uncommon points between literary works. the study has divided in two sections: “the image of other and its r...

As an important embodiment and carrier of Chinese traditional culture, the rituals ceremonies in heritage tourism not only carry profound spiritual cultural connotations, such as respecting nature worshiping ancestors, they also enable people to gain a sense identity. Therefore, this paper aims explore relationship between politics identity-building from perspective critical toponymy based on c...