Abstract By considering the idea and notion of observers dynamical systems, it is shown that relative semidynamical systems can be a suitable model for inserting an observer as realistic fact to theory. Multi-dimensional their affect on are considered. Locally distinguishable introduced, proved this property preserves under conjugate relations which observers. For application role topological e...

Functions play a central role in type theory, logic and computation. We describe how the notions of functionalisation (the way in which functions can be constructed) and instantiation (the process of applying a function to an argument) have been developed in the last century. We explain how both processes were implemented in Frege’s Begriffschrift, Russell’s Ramified Type Theory, and the λ-calc...

The notion of concept is central to the notion of data model in databases. Its purpose is to provide construction mechanisms for organizing a universe of data into manageable segments with a well-deened structure. However, so far the notion lacks rigor with a concomitant danger of inconsistent, overlapping or redundant use of concepts. The paper takes the approach that rigor is achieved by expr...

For a cochain complex one can have the cohomology functor. In this paper we introduce the notion of precohomology for a cochain that is not a complex, i, e" dq+l 0 d q may not be zero, Such a cochain, with obJects and morphisms of an abelian category A, is called a cochain precomplex whose category is denoted by Pco (A). If a cochain precomplex is actually a cochain complex, then the notion of ...

in this note first by considering the notion of general fuzzy automata (for simplicity gfa), we define the notions of direct product, restricted direct product and join of two gfa. also, we introduce some operations on (fuzzy) sets and then prove some related theorems. finally we construct the general fuzzy recognizers and recognizable sets and give the notion of (trim) reversal of a given gfa....

in this paper, using pre-semi-open l-sets and their inequality, a new notion of ps-compactness is introduced in l-topological spaces, where l is a complete de morgan algebra. this notion does not depend on the structure of the basis lattice l and l does not need any distributivity.