Abstract In October 2015 the Zambian president broke ground on a new National House of Prayer, building project meant to reaffirm country's status as Africa's only self-proclaimed “Christian nation.” Over next four years architects produced three separate sets plans for images which were circulated among Christians, primarily church leaders. Each set has provoked conversations about what Prayer...

Conceptualisations of attachment to one's nation of origin reflecting a symbolic caregiver can be found cross-culturally in literature, art, and language. Despite its prevalence, the relationship with one's nation has not been investigated empirically in terms of an attachment theory framework. Two studies employed an attachment theory approach to investigate the construct validity of symbolic ...