the law of the continental europe is considered an offspring of the roman law. in the roman law the “fault” was considered as the basis of liability. the doctrine of fault was included in the french civil code of 1804 through the roman law, and from there, made its way into the laws of other european and non-european countries. according to the instruction of the holy prophet of islam (pbuh), i...

Psychometric function plots the percentage of the correct responses among an entire pool of responses (cumulative probability) in a psychophysical task versus the amount of change in an independent variable. These changes in the independent variable are made with reference to a constant initial value. If this initial value is altered, the psychometric function will change according to Weber’s l...

Psychometric function plots the percentage of the correct responses among an entire pool of responses (cumulative probability) in a psychophysical task versus the amount of change in an independent variable. These changes in the independent variable are made with reference to a constant initial value. If this initial value is altered, the psychometric function will change according to Weber’s l...

in the civil procedures act 1379 the act reference of arbitration is stipulated in agreement and arbitration clause due to no exact order of arbitration contract class. however, the civil law relies on the basis of consensual contracts. in contrast, the international commercial law relies on the arbitration contract as written form. according to the international commercial law, the arbitration...

time limitation is one of the legal institutions of the domestic law. this institution is more welcomed in the civil law system compared to the common law. immunity, amnesty and time limitation are the most important obstacles in the ending of impunity culture. immunity is a international phenomenon, whereas amnesty and time limitation are considered as domestic elements. international criminal...

darius offered the political order of “king of kings” to solve the political crisis of his era. he legitimized it based on an order of gods. in his belief, the nature of politics was based on a dualistic religious worldview that is the fight between true divinity and false divinity’s will and performance in the world. in addition, the chief true divinity’s law was introduced as the principle or...

law is the follower of social changes and its final main aim is to make law system of relation resulted from. simultaneously by human social improvements in the field of communication in recent decades- which calls the present age the age of communication- a concept names electronic government has formed and has changed the model of general services presentation. the entrance of technical infor...

all political institutions should obey public law and be legitimated by the mass. in this article there is a conceptual differentiation between »protecting political system theory «(p.p.s.t) and »public law«, and others  referring to the islamic principles try give an answer to these question: what is the relationship between protecting political system duty and necessity of practicing »public ...

although england and the united states are both common law states and their legal systems follow the same rules, each has disregarded certain rules and changed them to suit specific circumstances. for instance, they have both disregarded the common law rule on the insertion of exemption conditions by carriers. regarding carrier’s liability towards passengers, the united states accepts the highe...